Ant初体验

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1.第一个Ant例子(运行版本为1.8.4)

1) 一个build.xml文件有一个project标签，project的属性default指定默认执行的target。

2) project标签中可以有一个description标签对project进行描述。

3) project标签可以有多个target标签，target标签属性name指定target的名称，description对target进行描述，depends属性指定target所依赖的target。

4) 每个target中可以有多个要执行的命令。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="firstbuild" default="execute">
	
	<description>第一个简单的Build文件</description>

	<target name="init" description="创建项目文件夹">
		<mkdir dir="build/classes"/>
		<mkdir dir="dist"/>
	</target>

	<target name="compile" depends="init" description="编译Java源文件">
		<javac includeAntRuntime="false" srcdir="src" destdir="build/classes"/>
		<echo level="info">compilation complete!</echo>
	</target>

	<target name="archive" depends="compile" description="创建Jar文件">
		<jar destfile="dist/project.jar" basedir="build/classes" />
	</target>

	<target name="clean" description="清除项目文件夹">
		<delete dir="build"/>
		<delete dir="dist"/>
	</target>

	<target name="execute" depends="compile" description="运行项目">
		<java classname="xuj.ant.Main" classpath="build/classes">
			<arg value="c"/>
			<arg value="d"/>
			<arg value="测试"/>
			<arg file="."/>
		</java>
	</target>
</project>

2. 部分标签属性解释

echo标签属性level：

level属性的值可以是：error,warning,info,verbose,debug.默认为 warning

javac标签属性 includeAntRuntime ：

includeAntRuntime：是否包含Ant中的jar。默认为True。

3. 控制输出信息

>ant(默认输出日志信息，还装饰内容)

>ant
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml

init:
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

compile:
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
     [echo] compilation complete!

execute:
     [java] c
     [java] d
     [java] 测试
     [java] E:\antspace\firstbuild
     [java] 完成！

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 second

>ant -debug/-d(包含-verbose模式的输出，还包含大量底层的信息，Ant开发人员有兴趣)

>ant -debug
Apache Ant(TM) version 1.8.4 compiled on May 22 2012
Trying the default build file: build.xml
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml
Adding reference: ant.PropertyHelper
Detected Java version: 1.6 in: D:\dev\java\jdk16027\jre
Detected OS: Windows 7
Adding reference: ant.ComponentHelper
Setting ro project property: ant.file -> E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml
Setting ro project property: ant.file.type -> file
Adding reference: ant.projectHelper
Adding reference: ant.parsing.context
Adding reference: ant.targets
parsing buildfile E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml with URI = file:/E:/antspace/
firstbuild/build.xml
Setting ro project property: ant.project.name -> firstbuild
Adding reference: firstbuild
Setting ro project property: ant.project.default-target -> execute
Setting ro project property: ant.file.firstbuild -> E:\antspace\firstbuild\build
.xml
Setting ro project property: ant.file.type.firstbuild -> file
Project base dir set to: E:\antspace\firstbuild
 +Target:
 +Target: init
 +Target: compile
 +Target: archive
 +Target: clean
 +Target: execute
Adding reference: ant.LocalProperties
parsing buildfile jar:file:/D:/dev/ant/ant1.8.4/lib/ant.jar!/org/apache/tools/an
t/antlib.xml with URI = jar:file:/D:/dev/ant/ant1.8.4/lib/ant.jar!/org/apache/to
ols/ant/antlib.xml from a zip file
Setting ro project property: ant.project.invoked-targets -> execute
Attempting to create object of type org.apache.tools.ant.helper.DefaultExecutor
Adding reference: ant.executor
Build sequence for target(s) `execute' is [init, compile, execute]
Complete build sequence is [init, compile, execute, clean, archive, ]

init:
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

compile:
fileset: Setup scanner in dir E:\antspace\firstbuild\src with patternSet{ includ
es: [] excludes: [] }
    [javac] E:\antspace\firstbuild\src\xuj\ant\Main.class skipped - don't know h
ow to handle it
    [javac] xuj\ant\Main.java added as xuj\ant\Main.class doesn't exist.
    [javac] E:\antspace\firstbuild\src\xuj\ant\Main.java.bak skipped - don't kno
w how to handle it
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
    [javac] Using modern compiler
    [javac] Compilation arguments:
    [javac] '-d'
    [javac] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes'
    [javac] '-classpath'
    [javac] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes'
    [javac] '-sourcepath'
    [javac] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild\src'
    [javac] '-g:none'
    [javac]
    [javac] The ' characters around the executable and arguments are
    [javac] not part of the command.
    [javac] File to be compiled:
    [javac]     E:\antspace\firstbuild\src\xuj\ant\Main.java
     [echo] compilation complete!

execute:
     [java] running xuj.ant.Main with default permissions (exit forbidden)
     [java] Running in same VM Executing 'xuj.ant.Main' with arguments:
     [java] 'c'
     [java] 'd'
     [java] '测试'
     [java] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild'
     [java]
     [java] The ' characters around the executable and arguments are
     [java] not part of the command.
force loading xuj.ant.Main
Finding class xuj.ant.Main
Loaded from E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes xuj/ant/Main.class
Class java.lang.Object loaded from parent loader (parentFirst)
Class java.lang.String loaded from parent loader (parentFirst)
Class java.lang.System loaded from parent loader (parentFirst)
Class java.io.PrintStream loaded from parent loader (parentFirst)
     [java] c
     [java] d
     [java] 测试
     [java] E:\antspace\firstbuild
     [java] 完成！

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds

>ant -verbose/-v(打印冗长的输出，有利于更好地调试)

ant -v
Apache Ant(TM) version 1.8.4 compiled on May 22 2012
Trying the default build file: build.xml
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml
Detected Java version: 1.6 in: D:\dev\java\jdk16027\jre
Detected OS: Windows 7
parsing buildfile E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml with URI = file:/E:/antspace/
firstbuild/build.xml
Project base dir set to: E:\antspace\firstbuild
parsing buildfile jar:file:/D:/dev/ant/ant1.8.4/lib/ant.jar!/org/apache/tools/an
t/antlib.xml with URI = jar:file:/D:/dev/ant/ant1.8.4/lib/ant.jar!/org/apache/to
ols/ant/antlib.xml from a zip file
Build sequence for target(s) `execute' is [init, compile, execute]
Complete build sequence is [init, compile, execute, clean, archive, ]

init:
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

compile:
    [javac] E:\antspace\firstbuild\src\xuj\ant\Main.class skipped - don't know h
ow to handle it
    [javac] xuj\ant\Main.java added as xuj\ant\Main.class doesn't exist.
    [javac] E:\antspace\firstbuild\src\xuj\ant\Main.java.bak skipped - don't kno
w how to handle it
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
    [javac] Using modern compiler
    [javac] Compilation arguments:
    [javac] '-d'
    [javac] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes'
    [javac] '-classpath'
    [javac] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes'
    [javac] '-sourcepath'
    [javac] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild\src'
    [javac] '-g:none'
    [javac]
    [javac] The ' characters around the executable and arguments are
    [javac] not part of the command.
    [javac] File to be compiled:
    [javac]     E:\antspace\firstbuild\src\xuj\ant\Main.java
     [echo] compilation complete!

execute:
     [java] running xuj.ant.Main with default permissions (exit forbidden)
     [java] Running in same VM Executing 'xuj.ant.Main' with arguments:
     [java] 'c'
     [java] 'd'
     [java] '测试'
     [java] 'E:\antspace\firstbuild'
     [java]
     [java] The ' characters around the executable and arguments are
     [java] not part of the command.
     [java] c
     [java] d
     [java] 测试
     [java] E:\antspace\firstbuild
     [java] 完成！

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 second

>ant -emacs(生成日志信息，去掉装饰性的内容)

>ant -emacs
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml

init:
Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

compile:
Compiling 1 source file to E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
compilation complete!

execute:
c
d
测试
E:\antspace\firstbuild
完成！

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds

>ant -quiet/-q(运行安静的构建，只打印错误信息，会打印echo标签中level为warning级别以上的信息)

>ant -quiet

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 second

3.获取项目信息

>ant -projecthelp/-p(打印关于当前项目的信息)

>ant -projecthelp
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml
第一个简单的Build文件
Main targets:

 archive  创建Jar文件
 clean    清除项目文件夹
 compile  编译Java源文件
 execute  运行项目
 init     创建项目文件夹
Default target: execute

4.指定要运行的构建文件

>ant -buildfile build.xml

>ant -buildfile build.xml
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml

init:
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

compile:
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
     [echo] compilation complete!

execute:
     [java] c
     [java] d
     [java] 测试
     [java] E:\antspace\firstbuild
     [java] 完成！

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 second

5.运行指定目标

>ant clean(这里指运行目标名称为clean的目标)

>ant clean
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml

clean:
   [delete] Deleting directory E:\antspace\firstbuild\build
   [delete] Deleting directory E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds

6.运行多个目标

>ant clean execute

>ant clean execute
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml

clean:
   [delete] Deleting directory E:\antspace\firstbuild\build
   [delete] Deleting directory E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

init:
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

compile:
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to E:\antspace\firstbuild\build\classes
     [echo] compilation complete!

execute:
     [java] c
     [java] d
     [java] 测试
     [java] E:\antspace\firstbuild
     [java] 完成！

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 second

7.-keep-going/-k(当命令行中的一个目标失败后，继续运行其他目标)

>ant execute clean
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml

init:

compile:

BUILD FAILED
E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml:12: Problem: failed to create task or type java
ac
Cause: The name is undefined.
Action: Check the spelling.
Action: Check that any custom tasks/types have been declared.
Action: Check that any <presetdef>/<macrodef> declarations have taken place.


Total time: 0 seconds

>ant -k execute clean
Buildfile: E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml

init:

compile:
Target 'compile' failed with message 'Problem: failed to create task or type jav
aac
Cause: The name is undefined.
Action: Check the spelling.
Action: Check that any custom tasks/types have been declared.
Action: Check that any <presetdef>/<macrodef> declarations have taken place.
'.
Cannot execute 'execute' - 'compile' failed or was not executed.

clean:
   [delete] Deleting directory E:\antspace\firstbuild\build
   [delete] Deleting directory E:\antspace\firstbuild\dist

BUILD FAILED
E:\antspace\firstbuild\build.xml:12: Problem: failed to create task or type java
ac
Cause: The name is undefined.
Action: Check the spelling.
Action: Check that any custom tasks/types have been declared.
Action: Check that any <presetdef>/<macrodef> declarations have taken place.


Total time: 0 seconds

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Ant Datatype之Path | Java基本的程序设计结构

2013-01-15 14:18
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