MySQL在Windows下的基本配置

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数据库

MySQL Windows 配置管理 SQL Server Socket

说明：本文针对mysql-noinstall版本，也就是解压缩版在Windows下的基本配置

操作系统： Windows XP

MySQL版本： mysql-5.1.50-win32

1、下载MySQL解压包 mysql-noinstall-5.1.50-win32.zip

解压缩到某个目录。例如：D:\Java\mysql

2、配置

MySQL的根目录，里面有多个文件名如my-****.ini形式的文件，这就是MySQL配置
的样例文件。可以选取一个将其名字改为my.ini，MySQL启动的时候就是读取这个my.ini文
件来决定数据库的各项参数。

在my.ini文件中需要进行配置的主要是两个方面，一个是客户端，一个是服务器端。

修改my.ini文件，添加以下内容：

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password	= your_password
#客户端端口
port		= 3306
socket		= /tmp/mysql.sock
# 设置mysql客户端的字符集
default-character-set=gbk

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port		= 3306
socket		= /tmp/mysql.sock

# 设置mysql服务器的字符集
default-character-set=gbk

# 设置mysql的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB 

# 设置mysql的安装目录 
basedir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32

# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录，必须是data
datadir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32/data

完成后保存即可。

3、启动数据库

为了方便，可以把数据库注册成一个服务：

进入D:\Java\mysql\mysql-5.1.50-win32\bin 目录，运行命令:

mysqld --install mysql

这样就会在系统服务中注册了一个名字为mysql的服务( mysqld --remove mysql 卸载服务)

在环境变量path中加入 D:\Java\mysql\mysql-5.1.50-win32\bin

然后就可以正常使用MySQL数据库了.

启动数据库服务：

net start mysql

关闭服务：

net stop mysql

4、使用MySQL数据库

登录数据库：

输入命令：mysql -u root -p
回车后提示输入密码。
mysql解压缩版初次安装管理员root的密码为空，因此直接再回车一次就登入mysql数据库了。

常用登录参数：

-h 是指定登录服务器地址，

-u 指定用户

-p 指定密码

如果想为root用户加上密码，可以退出数据库mysql>quit，然后使用如下命令设置root用户的密码：

mysqladmin -uroot password 123456

设定密码为123456

至此，MySQL数据库的基本配置就完成了，可以通过客户端或是程序来使用这个数据库了。

附：现用my.ini (根据my-large.ini修改 )

# Example MySQL config file for large systems.
#
# This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly
# MySQL.
#
# You can copy this file to
# /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this
# installation this directory is C:\mysql\data) or
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password	= your_password
port		= 3306
socket		= /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=gbk

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port		= 3306
socket		= /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=gbk
default-storage-engine=INNODB 
basedir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32
datadir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32/data
skip-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 8

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
# 
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id	= 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id       = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host     =   <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user     =   <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =   <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port     =  <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks
#tmpdir		= /tmp/		
#log-update 	= /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 64M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

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