Spring 2.5 和 Hibernate 3 基于Annotation的集成

网上的例子不少，但没有一个是说的很清楚的，而且有的例子和我的目标不同，于是自己尝试着配了一下～

目标：尽量多的使用Annotation，完成事务自动管理
版本：Spring-2.5.6 Hibernate-3.3.1及相关的包

首先定义Spring配置文件（也是最主要的一块），内容如下：
//spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"
    default-autowire="autodetect"
>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/demo"/>
        <property name="username" value="demo"/>
        <property name="password" value="demo"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
        <property name="configLocations" value="hibernate.model.xml" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" />

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itone.spring.demo.service">
        <context:include-filter type="regex" expression=".*ServiceImpl" />
    </context:component-scan>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"
	default-autowire="autodetect"
>

	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/demo"/>
		<property name="username" value="demo"/>
		<property name="password" value="demo"/>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
		<property name="configLocations" value="hibernate.model.xml" />
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" />
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.itone.spring.demo.service">
		<context:include-filter type="regex" expression=".*ServiceImpl" /> 
	</context:component-scan>
	
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
	
</beans>

由于Hibernate model的定义一般会很多（本例不多，呵呵），所以我把它放到另一个文件中，代码如下：
//hibernate.model.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <mapping class="com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<mapping class="com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book"/>
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

这里需要注意的几点：
1、是要加上命名空间tx，因为我们用到了tx:annotation-driven;
2、default-autowire="autodetect"或default-autowire="byName"，因为我不知道怎么将sessionFactory或hibernateTemplate annotate到我的ServiceImpl中;
3、要用接口/实现的方式来做Service。

看一下我们的Hibernate model代码吧，很简单，代码如下：
//Book.java

package com.itone.spring.demo.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Proxy;

@Entity
@Proxy(lazy = false)
public class Book implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    public int id;

    public String name;
}

package com.itone.spring.demo.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Proxy;

@Entity
@Proxy(lazy = false)
public class Book implements Serializable {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	public int id;

	public String name;
}

接下来就是服务接口及实现了，只做读和写操作，以验证@Transactional是否起作用。
//BookService.java

package com.itone.spring.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book;

public interface BookService {

    public void save(Book book) throws Exception;

    public List<Book> list() throws Exception;
}

package com.itone.spring.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book;

public interface BookService {

	public void save(Book book) throws Exception;

	public List<Book> list() throws Exception;
}

//BookServiceImpl.java

package com.itone.spring.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book;

@Service("bookService")
public class BookServiceImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BookService {

    @Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)
    public void save(Book book) throws Exception {
        getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
        //throw new Exception("test exception");这样会回滚
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)
    public List<Book> list() throws Exception {
                //这里如果有写操作也会出异常
        return getSession().createCriteria(Book.class).list();
    }
}

package com.itone.spring.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book;

@Service("bookService")
public class BookServiceImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BookService {

	@Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)
	public void save(Book book) throws Exception {
		getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
		//throw new Exception("test exception");这样会回滚
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)
	public List<Book> list() throws Exception {
                //这里如果有写操作也会出异常
		return getSession().createCriteria(Book.class).list();
	}
}

然后来做个测试吧
//Test.java

package com.itone.spring.demo;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book;
import com.itone.spring.demo.service.BookService;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                new String[] { "spring.xml" });

        BookService bookService = (BookService) ctx.getBean("bookService");

        Book book = new Book();
        book.name = "血色浪漫";
        bookService.save(book);

        List<Book> books = bookService.list();
        for (Book b : books) {
            System.out.println(b.id + ":" + b.name);
        }
    }
}

package com.itone.spring.demo;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.itone.spring.demo.model.Book;
import com.itone.spring.demo.service.BookService;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				new String[] { "spring.xml" });

		BookService bookService = (BookService) ctx.getBean("bookService");

		Book book = new Book();
		book.name = "血色浪漫";
		bookService.save(book);

		List<Book> books = bookService.list();
		for (Book b : books) {
			System.out.println(b.id + ":" + b.name);
		}
	}
}

然后的任务就是来改动BookServiceImpl的Annotation设置及代码，来检验一下是否起作用了，我发现是起作用的。

这里只写了一个简单的模型，对于Spring的Annotation还需要更进一步的学习～～