python-requests

linux安装requests

yum install python-requests

 

get

 

>>> payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
>>> r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get', params=payload)

>>> print(r.url)
http://httpbin.org/get?key2=value2&key1=value1

字符集

 

>>> r.encoding
'utf-8'
>>> r.encoding = 'ISO-8859-1'

返回json

 

>>> import requests

>>> r = requests.get('https://api.github.com/events')
>>> r.json()
[{u'repository': {u'open_issues': 0, u'url': 'https://github.com/...

socket

 

>> r = requests.get('https://api.github.com/events', stream=True)

>>> r.raw
<requests.packages.urllib3.response.HTTPResponse object at 0x101194810>

>>> r.raw.read(10)
'\x1f\x8b\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x03'

headers

 

>>> url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
>>> headers = {'user-agent': 'my-app/0.0.1'}

>>> r = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

post

 

>>> payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}

>>> r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)

post-json

 

>>> import json

>>> url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
>>> payload = {'some': 'data'}

>>> r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload))

或者

 

>>> url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
>>> payload = {'some': 'data'}

>>> r = requests.post(url, json=payload)

上传文件

>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
>>> files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}

>>> r = requests.post(url, files=files)

 

>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
>>> files = {'file': ('report.xls', open('report.xls', 'rb'), 'application/vnd.ms-excel', {'Expires': '0'})}

>>> r = requests.post(url, files=files)

cookie

 

>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/cookies'
>>> cookies = dict(cookies_are='working')

>>> r = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies)

 

>>> jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
>>> jar.set('tasty_cookie', 'yum', site='httpbin.org', path='/cookies')
>>> jar.set('gross_cookie', 'blech', site='httpbin.org', path='/elsewhere')
>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/cookies'
>>> r = requests.get(url, cookies=jar)
>>> r.text
'{"cookies": {"tasty_cookie": "yum"}}'

超时

 

requests.get('http://github.com', timeout=0.001)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
requests.exceptions.Timeout: HTTPConnectionPool(host='github.com', port=80): Request

 

session

 

 

s = requests.Session()

s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/sessioncookie/123456789')
r = s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies')

print(r.text)
# '{"cookies": {"sessioncookie": "123456789"}}'

 

s = requests.Session()
s.auth = ('user', 'pass')
s.headers.update({'x-test': 'true'})

# both 'x-test' and 'x-test2' are sent
s.get('http://httpbin.org/headers', headers={'x-test2': 'true'})

 

with requests.Session() as s:
    s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/sessioncookie/123456789')

SSL

 

>>> requests.get('https://github.com', verify='/path/to/certfile')

 

>>> requests.get('https://kennethreitz.com', cert=('/path/client.cert', '/path/client.key'))
<Response [200]>

代理

 

import requests

proxies = {
  'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128',
  'https': 'http://10.10.1.10:1080',
}

requests.get('http://example.org', proxies=proxies)