Activity diagrams show the procedural flow of control between two or
more class objects while processing an activity. Activity diagrams can
be used to model higher-level business process at the business unit
level, or to model low-level internal class actions. In my experience,
activity diagrams are best used to model higher-level processes, such
as how the company is currently doing business, or how it would like to
do business. This is because activity diagrams are "less technical" in
appearance, compared to sequence diagrams, and business-minded people
tend to understand them more quickly.
An activity diagram's notation set is similar to that used in a
statechart diagram. Like a statechart diagram, the activity diagram
starts with a solid circle connected to the initial activity. The
activity is modeled by drawing a rectangle with rounded edges,
enclosing the activity's name. Activities can be connected to other
activities through transition lines, or to decision points that connect
to different activities guarded by conditions of the decision point.
Activities that terminate the modeled process are connected to a
termination point (just as in a statechart diagram). Optionally, the
activities can be grouped into swimlanes, which are used to indicate
the object that actually performs the activity, as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6: Activity diagram, with two swimlanes to indicate
control of activity by two objects: the band manager, and the reporting
tool
In our example activity diagram, we have two swimlanes because we
have two objects that control separate activities: a band manager and a
reporting tool. The process starts with the band manager electing to
view the sales report for one of his bands. The reporting tool then
retrieves and displays all the bands that person manages and asks him
to choose one. After the band manager selects a band, the reporting
tool retrieves the sales information and displays the sales report. The
activity diagram shows that displaying the report is the last step in
the process.
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