struts2初学者第一个实例 -

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struts2初学者第一个实例

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structs

Struts JSP CSS Cache XML

学习框架的最好方法莫过于自己亲手编译第一个实例。

本文基于浪曦浪曦Struts2应用开发教程，采用最简单的方式编写一个登录页面附带 “帐号”,“密码”验证。

一 login.jsp页面采用struts标签方式

导入标签<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

struts-tags.tld位于struts-core-2.0.11.2.jar 包

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
     <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>

<s:form action="login">
<s:textfield name="username" label="username"></s:textfield>
<s:password name="password" label="password"></s:password>
<s:submit label="submit"></s:submit>
</s:form>

</body>
</html>

二编写对应的javaBean

package com.test.struts;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {

//继承了ActionSupport类，以便于使用其addFieldError方法实现帐号验证功能

/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1543657534165400081L;
private String username;
private String password;

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}

public String getPassword() {
return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}

//execute方法实现帐号，密码是否为hello,world相同

public String execute() throws Exception {
  if("hello".equals(this.getUsername().trim())&&
    "world".equals(this.getPassword().trim())){
   return "success";//将转发到result页面
  }
  else{
   this.addFieldError("username","username or password is error!");
   return "failer";

//如果不同同样转发到result页面显示出错信息

  //addFieldError("","");string参数表示将要显示的位置和信息
  }

}

@Override

//检验帐号或密码是否为空的方法
public void validate() {
  if(null==this.getUsername()||"".equals(this.getUsername().trim())){
   this.addFieldError("username","username required!");
  }
  if(null==this.getPassword()||"".equals(this.getPassword().trim())){
   this.addFieldError("password","password required!");

  }

}

}

三,编写配置文件

struts.xml在eclipse中可在src根目录编写，编译后自动生成到了classes目录，

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
  <action name="login" class="com.test.struts.LoginAction">
   <result name="success">/result.jsp</result>
   <result name="input">/login2.jsp</result>
   <result name="failer">/login2.jsp</result>
  </action>
</package>
</struts>

其中<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">不能改变，

<action name="login"与login.jsp中的action对应，class与javaBean对应，

<result name="input">/login2.jsp</result>表示帐号或密码没输入时返回的页面

<result name="failer">/login2.jsp</result>表示验证帐号是否正确时返回页面。

web.xml文件相当于struts 1中的struts-config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

其中的过滤filter是程序中用到的转发的需要

四最后编写result.jsp页面

显示登录成功后的用户名，密码

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
username:${requestScope.username}
password:${requestScope.password }
</body>
</html>