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XML解析实例
1. XML解析有3中方式：
[1] DOM方式 把整个XML文档读入内存中，再DOM API来访问树形结构，获取数据; 缺点：文档很大时，消耗较多内存。
[2] SAX方式 基于事件驱动的，单向读取，优点:不占内存空间、解析属性方便，但缺点就是对于套嵌多个分支来说处理不是很方便。
[3] PULL方式 PULL常常用在J2ME对于节点处理比较好，类似SAX方式，同样很节省内存。
2. 首先需要解析的XML文件代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rivers>
<river name="灵渠" length="605">
<introduction>
灵渠在广西壮族自治区兴安县境内，是世界上最古老的运河之一，有着“世界古代水利建筑明珠”的美誉。灵渠古称秦凿渠、零渠、陡河、兴安运河，于公元前214年凿成通航，距今已2217年，仍然发挥着功用。
</introduction>
<imageurl>
http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/389aa8fdb7b8322e08244d3c.jpg
</imageurl>
</river>
<river name="胶莱运河" length="200">
<introduction>
胶莱运河南起黄海灵山海口，北抵渤海三山岛，流经现胶南、胶州、平度、高密、昌邑和莱州等，全长200公里，流域面积达5400平方公里，南北贯穿山东半岛，沟通黄渤两海。胶莱运河自平度姚家村东的分水岭南北分流。南流由麻湾口入胶州湾，为南胶莱河，长30公里。北流由海仓口入莱州湾,为北胶莱河,长100余公里。
</introduction>
<imageurl>
http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/389aa8fdb7b8322e08244d3c.jpg
</imageurl>
</river>
<river name="苏北灌溉总渠" length="168">
<introduction>
位于淮河下游江苏省北部，西起洪泽湖边的高良涧，流经洪泽，青浦、淮安，阜宁、射阳，滨海等六县(区)，东至扁担港口入海的大型人工河道。全长168km。
</introduction>
<imageurl>
http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/389aa8fdb7b8322e08244d3c.jpg
</imageurl>
</river>
</rivers>
3.RiverModel代码如下：
package com.testxml.demo;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class RiverModel implements Serializable {
public static final String RIVERS = "rivers";
public static final String RIVER = "river";
public static final String LENGTH = "length";
public static final String NAME = "name";
public static final String IMGURL = "imageurl";
public static final String INTRODUCTION = "introduction";
private int length;
private String name;
private String imgUrl;
private String introduction;
public int getLength() {
return length;
}
public void setLength(int length) {
this.length = length;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getImgUrl() {
return imgUrl;
}
public void setImgUrl(String imgUrl) {
this.imgUrl = imgUrl;
}
public String getIntroduction() {
return introduction;
}
public void setIntroduction(String introduction) {
this.introduction = introduction;
}
}
4.activity代码如下：
package com.testxml.demo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class ParseXMLActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private Button mButtonDOM;
private Button mButtonSAX;
private Button mButtonPULL;
private TextView mTextView;
private ArrayList<RiverModel> rivers = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
initViews();
initControl();
}
private void initViews()
{
mButtonDOM = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dom);
mButtonSAX = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_sax);
mButtonPULL= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_pull);
mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_content);
}
private void initControl() {
mButtonDOM.setOnClickListener(this);
mButtonSAX.setOnClickListener(this);
mButtonPULL.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
int id = v.getId();
switch (id) {
case R.id.btn_dom:
rivers = (ArrayList<RiverModel>) XMLHelper.DOMMannerParse(this, "test.xml");
String s = "";
for(RiverModel rm:rivers) {
s += "DOM: name:"+rm.getName()+", length:"+rm.getLength()+"\n info:"+rm.getIntroduction()+"\n";
}
mTextView.setText(s);
break;
case R.id.btn_pull:
rivers = (ArrayList<RiverModel>) XMLHelper.DOMMannerParse(this, "test.xml");
String s1 = "";
for(RiverModel rm:rivers) {
s1 += "PULL: name:"+rm.getName()+", length:"+rm.getLength()+"\n info:"+rm.getIntroduction()+"\n";
}
mTextView.setText(s1);
break;
case R.id.btn_sax:
rivers = (ArrayList<RiverModel>) XMLHelper.SAXParseXML(this, "test.xml");
String s2 = "";
for(RiverModel rm:rivers) {
s2 += "SAX: name:"+rm.getName()+", length:"+rm.getLength()+"\n info:"+rm.getIntroduction()+"\n";
}
mTextView.setText(s2);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
5.XMLHelper类实现3种方式解析XML代码如下：
package com.testxml.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Xml;
public class XMLHelper {
// DOM方式解析 把整个XML文档读入内存中，再DOM API来访问树形结构，获取数据; 缺点：文档很大时，消耗很多内存
public static List<RiverModel> DOMMannerParse(Context context,
String fileName) {
List<RiverModel> rivers = new ArrayList<RiverModel>();
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = null;
DocumentBuilder builder = null;
Document document = null;
InputStream inputStream = null;
factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
try {
builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
inputStream = context.getResources().getAssets().open(fileName);
document = builder.parse(inputStream);
Element root = document.getDocumentElement();
// 解析子节点
NodeList nodeList = root.getElementsByTagName(RiverModel.RIVER);
RiverModel riverModel = null;
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
riverModel = new RiverModel();
Element riverElement = (Element) nodeList.item(i);
riverModel.setName(riverElement.getAttribute(RiverModel.NAME));
riverModel.setLength(Integer.parseInt(riverElement
.getAttribute(RiverModel.LENGTH)));
// 解析子节点
Element introduction = (Element) riverElement
.getElementsByTagName(RiverModel.INTRODUCTION).item(0);
riverModel.setIntroduction(introduction.getFirstChild()
.getNodeValue());
Element imgurl = (Element) riverElement.getElementsByTagName(
RiverModel.IMGURL).item(0);
riverModel.setImgUrl(imgurl.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
rivers.add(riverModel);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return rivers;
}
// PULL方式解析
public static List<RiverModel> PULLParseXML(Context context, String fileName) {
List<RiverModel> rivers = new ArrayList<RiverModel>();
RiverModel riverModel = null;
InputStream inputStream = null;
XmlPullParser xmlPullParser = Xml.newPullParser();
try {
inputStream = context.getResources().getAssets().open(fileName);
xmlPullParser.setInput(inputStream, "utf-8");
int evtType = xmlPullParser.getEventType();
while (evtType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
switch (evtType) {
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
String tag = xmlPullParser.getName();
if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase(RiverModel.RIVER)) {
riverModel = new RiverModel();
riverModel.setName(xmlPullParser.getAttributeValue(
null, RiverModel.NAME));
riverModel.setLength(Integer.parseInt(xmlPullParser
.getAttributeValue(null, RiverModel.LENGTH)));
}
// 如果是解析子节点
else if (riverModel != null) {
if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase(RiverModel.INTRODUCTION)) {
riverModel
.setIntroduction(xmlPullParser.nextText());
} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase(RiverModel.IMGURL)) {
riverModel.setImgUrl(xmlPullParser.nextText());
}
}
break;
case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
// 当碰到river结束时，添加RiverModel进rivers中去
if (xmlPullParser.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(
RiverModel.RIVER)
&& riverModel != null) {
rivers.add(riverModel);
riverModel = null;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return rivers;
}
// SAX方式解析
public static List<RiverModel> SAXParseXML(Context context, String fileName) {
List<RiverModel> rivers = null;
SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
XMLReader xmlReader = parser.getXMLReader();
MyContentHandler handler = new MyContentHandler();
xmlReader.setContentHandler(handler);
xmlReader.parse(new InputSource(context.getResources().getAssets()
.open(fileName)));
rivers = handler.getRivers();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return rivers;
}
static class MyContentHandler extends DefaultHandler {
private boolean isRiver = false;
private boolean isIntroduction = false;
private boolean isImageUrl = false;
private RiverModel riverModel = null;
private List<RiverModel> rivers = new ArrayList<RiverModel>();
public List<RiverModel> getRivers() {
return rivers;
}
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
String tagName = localName.length() != 0 ? localName : qName;
tagName = tagName.toLowerCase().trim();
if (tagName.equals(RiverModel.RIVER)) {
isRiver = true;
riverModel = new RiverModel();
riverModel.setName(attributes.getValue(RiverModel.NAME));
riverModel.setLength(Integer.parseInt(attributes
.getValue(RiverModel.LENGTH)));
}
if (isRiver) {
if (tagName.equals(RiverModel.INTRODUCTION)) {
isIntroduction = true;
} else if (tagName.equals(RiverModel.IMGURL)) {
isImageUrl = true;
}
}
// super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
}
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
if (isIntroduction) {
riverModel
.setIntroduction(riverModel.getIntroduction() == null ? new String(
ch, start, length) : riverModel
.getIntroduction()
+ new String(ch, start, length));
} else if (isImageUrl) {
riverModel
.setImgUrl(riverModel.getImgUrl() == null ? new String(
ch, start, length) : riverModel.getImgUrl()
+ new String(ch, start, length));
}
// super.characters(ch, start, length);
}
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
String tagName = localName.length() != 0 ? localName : qName;
tagName = tagName.toLowerCase().trim();
if (tagName.equals(RiverModel.RIVER)) {
isRiver = true;
rivers.add(riverModel);
}
if (isRiver) {
if (tagName.equals(RiverModel.INTRODUCTION)) {
isIntroduction = false;
} else if (tagName.equals(RiverModel.IMGURL)) {
isImageUrl = false;
}
}
// super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
}
}
}
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