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利用NIO建立Socket服务器

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  • Java
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传统的Java 的IO,利用Socket建立服务器,接收客户端连接,一般都是为每一个连接建立一个线程,如果连接数巨大,那么服务器开销也将巨大。。NIO的原理,可以参照图:http://new.51cto.com/files/uploadimg/20080912/150103487.jpg



Socket的Channel在Selector上注册某一种动作,Selector通过select操作,监视所有在该Selector注册过的Channel的对应的动作,如果监测到某一对应的动作,则返回selectedKeys,自己手动取到各个SelectionKey进行相应的处理。当然NIO不仅可以接受Socket的Channel,还有文件操作等其他IO操作。

作业的要求:

使用socket编程实现一个简单的文件服务器。客户端程序实现put功能(将一个文件从本地传到文件服务器)和get功能(从文件服务器取一远程文件存为本地文件)。客户端和文件服务器不在同一台机器上。
put [-h hostname] [-p portname] local_filename remote_filename
get [-h hostname] [-p portname] remote_filename local_filename

服务器端不使用nio,直接使用io的socket代码如下:

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerMain {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		class SocketThread extends Thread{
			
			private Socket socket;
			private byte[] buf;
			private int len = 0;
			public SocketThread(Socket socket) { 
				this.socket = socket;
				buf = new byte[1024];
			}

			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {   
					DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
					DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream()); 
					
					//String command = dis.readUTF(); 
					len = dis.read(buf);
					String command = new String(buf,0,len);
					
					System.out.println("command=="+command);
					
					String[] temp =command.split(" ");
					command = temp[0];  //命令  是put还是get
					String filename = temp[1];  //文件名
					
					File file = new File("C:\\",filename);//假设放在C盘
					if(command.equals("get")){
						if(!file.exists()){
							//dos.writeUTF("notexists");
							dos.write("notexists".getBytes());
							dos.flush();
							System.out.println("没有这个文件,无法提供下载!");
							dis.close();
							dos.close();
							socket.close();
							return;
						}
						//dos.writeUTF("DownloadReady "+file.length()); 
						dos.write("准备下载".getBytes());
						dos.flush();
						
						System.out.println("正在接受文件下载...");
						DataInputStream fis = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file))); 
  
		                while ((len = fis.read(buf))!= -1) { 
		                    dos.write(buf, 0, len);
		                }
		                dos.flush();
		                
		                fis.close();     
		                System.out.println("文件传输完成");
					}
					else { 
						//dos.writeUTF("UploadReady"); 
						dos.write("UploadReady".getBytes());
						dos.flush();
						
						System.out.println("正在接受文件上传...");
						DataOutputStream fileOut = 
							new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)));
 
						while ((len = dis.read(buf))!=-1) {   
			                fileOut.write(buf, 0, len);
			            }
						System.out.println("上传完毕!");
						fileOut.close(); 
					}
					dis.close();
	                dos.close();
	                socket.close(); 
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			
		}
		
		System.out.println("等待客户端连接....");
		int index = 0;
		try {
			ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(9527,300); //端口号9527  允许最大连接数300
			while (true) {
				Socket socket = server.accept();
				System.out.println("收到第"+(++index)+"个连接");
				new SocketThread(socket).start(); //对每个连接创建一个线程
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

 

使用NIO建立的Socket服务器,代码如下:

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer; 
import java.nio.CharBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.CharsetDecoder;
import java.nio.charset.CharsetEncoder;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class NewSocketServer {
 
	private static final int port = 9527;
	private Selector selector;
	private ByteBuffer clientBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);  
	private CharsetDecoder decoder = Charset.forName("GB2312").newDecoder();
	private CharsetEncoder encoder = Charset.forName("GB2312").newEncoder(); 
	//编码解码格式设置成GBK也行.UTF-8不行,中文乱码  (前提都是客户端没有设置任何编码解码格式)
	
	public void setListener() throws Exception{
		
		selector = Selector.open(); //打开选择器   
		
		ServerSocketChannel server = ServerSocketChannel.open();  //定义一个 ServerSocketChannel通道
        server.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));  //ServerSocketChannel绑定端口  
        server.configureBlocking(false);   //配置通道使用非阻塞模式
        server.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT); //该通道在selector上注册  接受连接的动作
        
        while(true)
        {    
            selector.select();   //select() 会阻塞,直到在该selector上注册的channel有对应的消息读入
            Iterator iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();   
            while (iter.hasNext()) {    
                SelectionKey key = (SelectionKey) iter.next();   
                iter.remove();  // 删除此消息 
                process(key);   // 当前线程内处理。(为了高效,一般会在另一个线程中处理此消息)
            }   
        }   
	}
	
	 private void process(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {   
	        if (key.isAcceptable()) { // 接收请求   
	            ServerSocketChannel server = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();   
	            SocketChannel channel = server.accept();//类似于io的socket,ServerSocketChannel的accept函数返回 SocketChannel
	            channel.configureBlocking(false);   //设置非阻塞模式   
	            SelectionKey sKey = channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ); 
	            sKey.attach("read_command"); //这儿接收到连接请求之后可以为每个连接设置一个ID
	        } 
	        else if (key.isReadable()) { // 读信息    
	            SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();   
	            String name = (String) key.attachment(); 
	            if(name.equals("read_command")){
	            	int count = channel.read(clientBuffer); 
		            if (count > 0) {   
		                clientBuffer.flip();   
		                CharBuffer charBuffer = decoder.decode(clientBuffer);   
		                String command = charBuffer.toString();   
		                
		                //command形如:get abc.png 或者  put aaa.png
		                System.out.println("command===="+command);  //得到客户端传来的命令 
		                
		                String[] temp =command.split(" ");
						command = temp[0];  //命令  是put还是get
						String filename = temp[1];  //文件名
		                
		                SelectionKey sKey = channel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);   
		                if(command.equals("put"))sKey.attach("UploadReady#"+filename);  //要保护该通道的文件名
		                else if(command.equals("get")){ 
		                	if(!new File("C:\\",filename).exists()){ //假设文件都是在C盘根目录
								System.out.println("没有这个文件,无法提供下载!");
								sKey.attach("notexists"); 
							}
		                	else sKey.attach("DownloadReady#"+filename); //要保护该通道的文件名
		                }
		            } else {   
		                channel.close();   
		            }   
	            }
	            else if(name.startsWith("read_file")){//这儿可以新开一个线程     文件操作也可以用NIO 
	            	DataOutputStream fileOut = 
						new DataOutputStream(
								new BufferedOutputStream(
										new FileOutputStream(
												new File("C:\\",name.split("#")[1]))));
 
					int passlen = channel.read(clientBuffer);  
					while (passlen>=0) {   
						clientBuffer.flip();  
		                fileOut.write(clientBuffer.array(), 0, passlen); 
		                passlen = channel.read(clientBuffer);
		            }
					System.out.println("上传完毕!");
					fileOut.close(); 
					channel.close();
	            }
	            clientBuffer.clear();   
	        } 
	        else if (key.isWritable()) { // 写事件   
	            SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();   
	            String flag = (String) key.attachment();    
	            if(flag.startsWith("downloading")){//这儿可以新开一个线程   文件操作也可以用NIO
	            	DataInputStream fis = new DataInputStream(
	            			new BufferedInputStream(
	            					new FileInputStream(
	            							new File("C:\\",flag.split("#")[1])))); 
	            	 
	                byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
                    int len =0; 
	                while ((len = fis.read(buf))!= -1) { 
	                    channel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(buf, 0, len));  
	                }  
	                fis.close();     
	                System.out.println("文件传输完成");
	            	channel.close();
	            }
	            else if(flag.equals("notexists")){ 
	            	//channel.write(encoder.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(flag)));   
	            	channel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(flag.getBytes())); //不用编码也行    客户端直接接收    中文也不是乱码
	            	channel.close();
	            }
	            else if(flag.startsWith("UploadReady")){ 
	            	channel.write(encoder.encode(CharBuffer.wrap("UploadReady"))); 
	            	
	            	//这儿如果不重新注册该通道的读操作    selector选择到该通道的将继续永远是写操作,也就无法跳转到上面的接受上传的处理
	            	SelectionKey sKey =channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);//register是覆盖的????!!!
	            	sKey.attach("read_file#"+flag.split("#")[1]);
	            	//key.attach("read_file#"+flag.split("#")[1]); //select不到读操作
	            }
	            else if(flag.startsWith("DownloadReady")){ 
	            	channel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("准备下载".getBytes())); 
	            	//channel.write(encoder.encode(CharBuffer.wrap("准备下载")));   
	            	key.attach("downloading#"+flag.split("#")[1]);
	            } 
	        }  
	    }   
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
        try {
        	 System.out.println("等待来至" + port + "端口的客户端连接....."); 
			new NewSocketServer().setListener();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

}

 客户端代码如下:

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ClientMain {

	private   int ServerPort = 9527;
	private   String ServerAddress = "192.168.1.154";
	private   String GetOrPut = "get";   
	private   String local_filename = ""; 
	private   String remote_filename  = ""; 
	private   byte[] buf;
	private   int len;
	class SocketThread extends Thread{
		
		@Override
		public void run() {
			 try {
				
				File file = new File("C:\\",local_filename); //假设文件放在C盘
				if(!file.exists()&&GetOrPut.equals("put")){ 
					System.out.println("本地没有这个文件,无法上传!"); 
					return;
				} 
				
				InetAddress loalhost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
				Socket socket = new Socket(ServerAddress,ServerPort,loalhost,44);
											//服务器IP地址  端口号   本机IP 本机端口号
				DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
				DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
				 
				//dos.writeUTF(GetOrPut+" "+remote_filename);//服务器端如果是io的socket,writeUTF和writeUTF对接
				dos.write((GetOrPut+" "+remote_filename).getBytes());
				dos.flush(); 
			  
				//String tempString = dis.writeUTF(); 
				buf = new byte[1024];
				len = dis.read(buf);
				String tempString = new String(buf,0,len);//服务器反馈的信息
				
				//System.out.println(tempString); 
				if(tempString.equals("notexists")){
					System.out.println("服务器没有这个文件,无法下载!"); 
					dos.close();
					dis.close();
					socket.close();
					return;
				}
				
				if(tempString.startsWith("准备下载")){  
					DataOutputStream fileOut = 
						new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)));
 
					while ((len = dis.read(buf))!=-1) {   
		                fileOut.write(buf, 0, len);
		            }
					System.out.println("下载完毕!");
					fileOut.close();
					dos.close();
					dis.close();
					socket.close();
				}
				else if(tempString.equals("UploadReady")){  
					System.out.println("正在上传文件.......");
					DataInputStream fis = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file))); 
					  
	                while ((len = fis.read(buf))!= -1) {  
	                    dos.write(buf, 0, len);
	                }
	                dos.flush();
	                System.out.println("上传完毕!");
	                fis.close();
	                dis.close();
	                dos.close();
	                socket.close();
				}
				
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
	}
	
	public boolean checkCommand(String command)
	{ 
		if(!command.startsWith("put")&&!command.startsWith("get")){
			System.out.println("输入命令错误");
			return false;
		}
		
		int index = -1;
		String temp = "";
		String[] tempStrings = null;
		
		if((index=command.indexOf("-h"))>0){
			temp = command.substring(index+3);
			temp = temp.substring(0, temp.indexOf(' '));
			ServerAddress = temp;
		}
		if((index=command.indexOf("-p"))>0){
			temp = command.substring(index+3);
			temp = temp.substring(0, temp.indexOf(' '));
			ServerPort = Integer.valueOf(temp);
		}
		
		tempStrings = command.split(" ");
		if(command.startsWith("put")){
			GetOrPut = "put";
			local_filename = tempStrings[tempStrings.length-2];
			remote_filename = tempStrings[tempStrings.length-1];
		}
		else if(command.startsWith("get")){
			GetOrPut = "get";
			local_filename = tempStrings[tempStrings.length-1];
			remote_filename = tempStrings[tempStrings.length-2];
		}
		
		return true;
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ClientMain thisC= new ClientMain(); 
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		String commandString = "";
		do {
			System.out.println("请输入命令:"); 
			commandString = sc.nextLine();
		} while (!thisC.checkCommand(commandString)); 
		
		ClientMain.SocketThread a = thisC.new SocketThread();
		a.start();
	 
	}

}

 

 

 

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2 楼 lishuoying 2013-10-08  
读取命令有小小问题

int count = channel.read(clientBuffer);   
                    if (count > 0) { 
//命令解释
 }


channel.read(clientBuffer) 有可能接收到命令字节的一部分,命令解释会出问题
1 楼 chinesejie 2012-11-07  
同学,您的程序有bug,我帮你调了几天了,终于搞定。
用nio写的server这段。
while (passlen>=0) {    
                        clientBuffer.flip();   
                        fileOut.write(clientBuffer.array(), 0, passlen);  
                        passlen = channel.read(clientBuffer); 
                    }

应嘎是这样的逻辑:
while (passlen>=0) {  
if(passlen!=0) { 
                        clientBuffer.flip();
}  
                        fileOut.write(clientBuffer.array(), 0, passlen);  
                        passlen = channel.read(clientBuffer); 
                    }   
这样传大文件也不都会错了。

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