WinForm(C#) DataGridView简单应用示例

一个DataGridView简单应用示例，只是简单的实现了DataGridView的数据绑定、添加、修改和删除的操作，先看代码：

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace DataGridView
{
    public partial class frmMain : Form
    {
        public frmMain()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private DataSet addressList;
        private void frmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //从xml中加载数据
            addressList = new DataSet("AddressList");
            addressList.ReadXmlSchema(".\\AddressList.xsd");
            addressList.ReadXml(".\\AddressList.xml", XmlReadMode.Auto);
            addressList.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture;
            addressList.AcceptChanges();
            //绑定到datagridview
            dataGridView1.AutoGenerateColumns = false;
            dataGridView1.DataSource = addressList;
            dataGridView1.DataMember = "UserList";
        }

        private void 新建NToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            dataGridView1.CurrentCell = dataGridView1.Rows[dataGridView1.Rows.Count - 1].Cells["UserName"];
            dataGridView1.BeginEdit(false);
        }

        private void dataGridView1_CellContentClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.RowIndex != 1 && !dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].IsNewRow)
            {
                tsslUserName.Text = dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells["UserName"].Value.ToString();
            }
        }

        private void 退出XToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Close();
        }

        private void dataGridView1_CellValidating(object sender, DataGridViewCellValidatingEventArgs e)
        {
            //验证编辑的单元格的数据
            DataGridViewCell c = dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[e.ColumnIndex];
            switch (dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].Name)
            {
                case "UserName":
                    int UserNameMaxLength = addressList.Tables["UserList"].Columns["UserName"].MaxLength;
                    if (e.FormattedValue.ToString().Length > UserNameMaxLength)
                    {
                        string UserNameError = "用户名不能超过" + UserNameMaxLength.ToString() + "个字符";
                        c.ErrorText = UserNameError;
                        e.Cancel = false;
                    }
                    else if (e.FormattedValue.ToString().Length == 0)
                    {
                        string UserNameError = "用户名不能为空";
                        c.ErrorText = UserNameError;
                        e.Cancel = false;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (c.ErrorText != string.Empty)
                        {
                            c.ErrorText = string.Empty;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case "Telephone":
                    int TelephoneMaxLength = addressList.Tables["UserList"].Columns["UserName"].MaxLength;
                    if (e.FormattedValue.ToString().Length > TelephoneMaxLength)
                    {
                        string TelephoneError = "电话号码不能超过" + TelephoneMaxLength.ToString() + "个字符";
                        c.ErrorText = TelephoneError;
                        e.Cancel = false;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (c.ErrorText != string.Empty)
                        {
                            c.ErrorText = string.Empty;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case "QQ":
                    int QQMaxLength = addressList.Tables["UserList"].Columns["QQ"].MaxLength;
                    if (e.FormattedValue.ToString().Length > QQMaxLength)
                    {
                        string QQError = "电话号码不能超过" + QQMaxLength.ToString() + "个字符";
                        c.ErrorText = QQError;
                        e.Cancel = false;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (c.ErrorText != string.Empty)
                        {
                            c.ErrorText = string.Empty;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case "MSN":
                    int MSNMaxLength = addressList.Tables["UserList"].Columns["MSN"].MaxLength;
                    if (e.FormattedValue.ToString().Length > MSNMaxLength)
                    {
                        string MSNError = "电话号码不能超过" + MSNMaxLength.ToString() + "个字符";
                        c.ErrorText = MSNError;
                        e.Cancel = false;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (c.ErrorText != string.Empty)
                        {
                            c.ErrorText = string.Empty;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case "Address":
                    int AddressMaxLength = addressList.Tables["UserList"].Columns["Address"].MaxLength;
                    if (e.FormattedValue.ToString().Length > AddressMaxLength)
                    {
                        string AddressError = "电话号码不能超过" + AddressMaxLength.ToString() + "个字符";
                        c.ErrorText = AddressError;
                        e.Cancel = false;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (c.ErrorText != string.Empty)
                        {
                            c.ErrorText = string.Empty;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case "Remark":
                    int RemarkMaxLength = addressList.Tables["UserList"].Columns["Remark"].MaxLength;
                    if (e.FormattedValue.ToString().Length > RemarkMaxLength)
                    {
                        string RemarkError = "电话号码不能超过" + RemarkMaxLength.ToString() + "个字符";
                        c.ErrorText = RemarkError;
                        e.Cancel = false;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (c.ErrorText != string.Empty)
                        {
                            c.ErrorText = string.Empty;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        private void dataGridView1_RowValidating(object sender, DataGridViewCellCancelEventArgs e)
        {
            if (dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].ErrorText != string.Empty)
            {
                dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].ErrorText = string.Empty;
            }
            if (e.RowIndex == (dataGridView1.Rows.Count - 2) && dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex + 1].IsNewRow)
            {
                DataGridViewRow row = dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex];
                if (row.Cells["UserID"].Value == DBNull.Value)
                {
                    DataRow[] drs = addressList.Tables["UserList"].Select("UserID=Max(UserID)");
                    int userId = 1;
                    //计算新数据的ID
                    if (drs.Length == 0)
                    {
                        userId = 1;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        userId = (int)drs[0]["UserID"] + 1;
                    }
                    row.Cells["UserID"].Value = userId;
                }
            }
        }

        private void dataGridView1_DefaultValuesNeeded(object sender, DataGridViewRowEventArgs e)
        {
            //输入新记录时发生，给UserID设置一个默认值
            e.Row.Cells["UserID"].Value = DBNull.Value;
        }

        private void toolStripMenuItem1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Save();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 保存数据到xml文档
        /// </summary>
        private void Save()
        {
            try
            {
                addressList.WriteXml(".\\AddressList.xml");
                addressList.AcceptChanges();
                MessageBox.Show("保存成功", "保存通讯录", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.None);
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("保存失败", "保存通讯录", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
            }
        }

        private void 删除DToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            DataGridViewSelectedRowCollection selectedRows = dataGridView1.SelectedRows;//获取选中的行的集合
            if (selectedRows.Count > 0)
            {
                DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("你确定要删除选定的数据吗？", "删除数据", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question);
                if (result == DialogResult.Yes)
                {
                    //迭代删除选中行
                    foreach (DataGridViewRow row in selectedRows)
                    {
                        dataGridView1.Rows.Remove(row);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private void frmMain_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            DataTable changeDT = addressList.Tables["UserList"].GetChanges();//获取数据集中所有的更改
            if (changeDT != null && changeDT.Rows.Count > 0)
            {
                DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("有未保存的数据，是否保存?", "保存数据", MessageBoxButtons.YesNoCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Question);
                switch (result)
                {
                    case DialogResult.Yes:
                        Save();
                        e.Cancel = false;
                        break;
                    case DialogResult.No:
                        e.Cancel = false;
                        break;
                    case DialogResult.Cancel:
                        e.Cancel = true;
                        break;
                }
            }
        }

        private void dataGridView1_DataError(object sender, DataGridViewDataErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Context == DataGridViewDataErrorContexts.Commit)
            {
                dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].ErrorText = e.Exception.ToString();
                e.Cancel = true;
            }
        }

    }
}

数据库文件是用的xml，下面是xml和xsd文件：

XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<AddressList>
  <UserList>
    <UserID>1</UserID>
    <UserName>张三</UserName>
    <Telephone>020-0000000</Telephone>
    <QQ>1000</QQ>
    <MSN>[e-mail]</MSN>
    <Address>广州市</Address>
    <Remark>测试</Remark>
  </UserList>
</AddressList>

XSD：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema id="AddressList" xmlns="" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata" xmlns:msprop="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msprop">
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo source="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdatasource">
      <DataSource DefaultConnectionIndex="0" FunctionsComponentName="QueriesTableAdapter" Modifier="AutoLayout, AnsiClass, Class, Public" SchemaSerializationMode="IncludeSchema" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdatasource">
        <Connections />
        <Tables />
        <Sources />
      </DataSource>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element name="AddressList" msdata:IsDataSet="true" msdata:UseCurrentLocale="true" msprop:Generator_DataSetName="AddressList" msprop:Generator_UserDSName="AddressList" msprop:EnableTableAdapterManager="False">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
        <xs:element name="UserList" msprop:Generator_UserTableName="UserList" msprop:Generator_RowDeletedName="UserListRowDeleted" msprop:Generator_TableClassName="UserListDataTable" msprop:Generator_RowChangedName="UserListRowChanged" msprop:Generator_RowClassName="UserListRow" msprop:Generator_RowChangingName="UserListRowChanging" msprop:Generator_RowEvArgName="UserListRowChangeEvent" msprop:Generator_RowEvHandlerName="UserListRowChangeEventHandler" msprop:Generator_TablePropName="UserList" msprop:Generator_TableVarName="tableUserList" msprop:Generator_RowDeletingName="UserListRowDeleting">
          <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element name="UserID" msdata:AutoIncrementSeed="1" msprop:Generator_UserColumnName="UserID" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInRow="UserID" msprop:Generator_ColumnVarNameInTable="columnUserID" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInTable="UserIDColumn" type="xs:int" />
              <xs:element name="UserName" msprop:Generator_UserColumnName="UserName" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInRow="UserName" msprop:Generator_ColumnVarNameInTable="columnUserName" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInTable="UserNameColumn">
                <xs:simpleType>
                  <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                    <xs:maxLength value="20" />
                  </xs:restriction>
                </xs:simpleType>
              </xs:element>
              <xs:element name="Telephone" msprop:Generator_UserColumnName="Telephone" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInRow="Telephone" msprop:Generator_ColumnVarNameInTable="columnTelephone" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInTable="TelephoneColumn" minOccurs="0">
                <xs:simpleType>
                  <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                    <xs:maxLength value="30" />
                  </xs:restriction>
                </xs:simpleType>
              </xs:element>
              <xs:element name="QQ" msprop:Generator_UserColumnName="QQ" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInRow="QQ" msprop:Generator_ColumnVarNameInTable="columnQQ" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInTable="QQColumn" minOccurs="0">
                <xs:simpleType>
                  <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                    <xs:maxLength value="15" />
                  </xs:restriction>
                </xs:simpleType>
              </xs:element>
              <xs:element name="MSN" msprop:Generator_UserColumnName="MSN" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInRow="MSN" msprop:Generator_ColumnVarNameInTable="columnMSN" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInTable="MSNColumn" minOccurs="0">
                <xs:simpleType>
                  <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                    <xs:maxLength value="30" />
                  </xs:restriction>
                </xs:simpleType>
              </xs:element>
              <xs:element name="Address" msprop:Generator_UserColumnName="Address" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInRow="Address" msprop:Generator_ColumnVarNameInTable="columnAddress" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInTable="AddressColumn" minOccurs="0">
                <xs:simpleType>
                  <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                    <xs:maxLength value="100" />
                  </xs:restriction>
                </xs:simpleType>
              </xs:element>
              <xs:element name="Remark" msprop:Generator_UserColumnName="Remark" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInRow="Remark" msprop:Generator_ColumnVarNameInTable="columnRemark" msprop:Generator_ColumnPropNameInTable="RemarkColumn" minOccurs="0">
                <xs:simpleType>
                  <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                    <xs:maxLength value="500" />
                  </xs:restriction>
                </xs:simpleType>
              </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:complexType>
        </xs:element>
      </xs:choice>
    </xs:complexType>
    <xs:unique name="Constraint1" msdata:PrimaryKey="true">
      <xs:selector xpath=".//UserList" />
      <xs:field xpath="UserID" />
    </xs:unique>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

代码下载：http://download.csdn.net/source/1445933