查看硬體配置
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 24G 5.2G 18G 23% /
tmpfs 3.8G 76K 3.8G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 63M 385M 14% /boot
/dev/sda6 31G 48M 29G 1% /oracle
/dev/sdb1 1008G 200M 957G 1% /u1
/dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/OL6.6 x86_64 Disc 1 20141018
# more /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.6 (Santiago)
[root@dbrebk ~]# more /etc/oracle-release
Oracle Linux Server release 6.6
# uname -a
Linux dbrebk 3.8.13-44.1.1.el6uek.x86_64 #2 SMP Wed Sep 10 06:10:25 PDT 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
top - 08:14:18 up 1 day, 15:40, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
Tasks: 174 total, 1 running, 173 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.1%us, 0.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.8%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 7914284k total, 1567316k used, 6346968k free, 183432k buffers
Swap: 4095992k total, 0k used, 4095992k free, 943140k cached
# locale
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt=gtk --disable-dssi --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --disable-libjava-multilib --with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=i686 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11) (GCC)
# useradd -g root -G root dba
# passwd dba
# vi /etc/passwd
dba:x:0:0::/home/dba:/bin/bash
設置主機IP
# more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
設置主機名
# more /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.18.60.155 rman rman.pyzs.com.cn
# more /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=rman.pyzs.com.cn
GATEWAY=172.18.60.254
# hostname rman.pyzs.com.cn
禁用FIREWALL关闭防火墙
service iptables stop
禁用SELINUX
修改/etc/selinux/config
将SELINUX=enforced 修改为SELINUX=disabled
重启OS
# umount /dev/cdrom
# init 6
=========================================================================================
配置yum本地源
将光盘mount至/mnt，再通过yum设置/mnt为本地源：
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt; cd /mnt/Server
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# mv public-yum-ol6.repo public-yum-ol6.repo.bak
# vi public-yum-ol6.repo
[ol6_u6]
name=Oracle Linux 5.8 64bit DVD
baseurl=file:///mnt/Server
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
# yum search oracle
# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall
# yum install glibc.i686
# yum install libXp.i686
# yum install libXt.i686
# yum install libXtst.i686
# yum install glibc-devel.i686
# yum install compat-libstdc++-296.i686
# yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686
# yum install libstdc++.i686
# yum install libstdc++-devel.i686
# yum install compat-gcc-34.x86_64
安装完oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall 后，已经拥有oracle用户。
# id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)
=========================================================================================================================================
安装rlwrap
==========
# cd /oracle/soft
# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
建立Oracle Base 的目錄
----------------------
下列的步驟建立一個新的目錄,用於存放Oracle的安裝軟體.
# mkdir -p /oracle/app
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
# chmod -R 775 /oracle
建立資料庫檔案的目錄
建立一個新的目錄,用於存放資料庫的檔案:
# mkdir -p /u1/database
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u1
# chmod 775 /u1
設定oracle用戶的環境變數
修改oracle用戶的.bash_profile,設定相關的環境變數 e:
登入oracle 用戶:
# su - oracle
# 將oracle用戶的環境變數值設定在 ~oracle/.bash_profile的檔案:
# vi $HOME/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0
ORACLE_SID=orcl
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8"
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'
安裝Oracle Database 10g Release 2 軟體
======================================
(0)、準備 Oracle軟體:
---------------------
# mkdir -p /oracle/soft/oracle10g
# cd /oracle/soft/oracle10g
# scp -rp dba@172.18.60.154:/oracle/soft/10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio .
# scp -rp dba@172.18.60.154:/oracle/soft/p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip .
(1)、執行下列的步驟安裝Oracle軟體:
----------------------------------
# su - oracle
$ cd /oracle/soft/oracle10g
解壓縮下載的檔案:
$ gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
拆開10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio
$ cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio
修改静默安装的参数文件
$ cd /oracle/soft/oracle10g/database/response/
$ cp standard.rsp standard_softonly.rsp
$ vi standard_softonly.rsp
$ sdiff -s standard_softonly.rsp standard.rsp
UNIX_GROUP_NAME="oinstall" | UNIX_GROUP_NAME=<Value Unspecified>
ORACLE_HOME="/oracle/app/product/10.2.0" | ORACLE_HOME=<Value Required>
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDbHome1" | ORACLE_HOME_NAME=<Value Required>
s_nameForDBAGrp="dba" | s_nameForDBAGrp=<Value Required>
s_nameForOPERGrp="dba" | s_nameForOPERGrp=<Value Required>
n_configurationOption=3 | n_configurationOption=<Value Required>
$ chmod 700 standard_softonly.rsp
由於Oracle10.2.0.1不支持redhat-6.
解決方法:
# cp /etc/redhat-release /etc/redhat-release-bak
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.6 (Santiago)
# vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 8)
通过response文件运行OUI
/oracle/soft/oracle10g/database/response/standard_softonly.rsp必须是绝对路径，含文件名；
-noconfig表示不运行配置助手只装软件
# su - oracle
$ cd /oracle/soft/oracle10g/database
$ ./runInstaller -silent -noconfig -responseFile /oracle/soft/oracle10g/database/response/standard_softonly.rsp
報錯：
./runInstaller: /oracle/soft/oracle10g/database/install/.oui: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory
解決：
# yum install glibc.i686
# yum install glibc-devel.i686
再結果如下：
Setup successful
End of install phases.(Thu Jan 15 11:47:20 CST 2015)
WARNING:A new inventory has been created in this session. However, it has not yet been registered as the central inventory of this system.
To register the new inventory please run the script '/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' with root privileges.
If you do not register the inventory, you may not be able to update or patch the products you installed.
The following configuration scripts
/oracle/app/product/10.2.0/root.sh
need to be executed as root for configuring the system. If you skip the execution of the configuration tools, the configuration will not be complete and the product wont function properly. In order to get the product to function properly, you will be required to execute the scripts and the configuration tools after exiting the OUI.
The installation of Oracle Database 10g was successful.
Please check '/oracle/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-01-15_11-45-16AM.log' for more details.
安装结束后，su到root用户执行root.sh
# sh /oracle/app/product/10.2.0/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /oracle/app/product/10.2.0
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
(2)、更新oracle補丁集
---------------------
由於Oracle10.2.0.5已支持redhat-6, 回復Red Hat版本設定的檔案:
# cp /etc/redhat-release-bak /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.6 (Santiago)
由於安裝時會在/oracle/oraInventory生成腳本文件orainstRoot.sh，需事先創建目錄：
# mkdir -p /oracle/oraInventory
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/oraInventory/
所有Oracle的服務必需要停止.登入oracle用戶使用 OUI installer (runInstaller)更新
patch:
解壓縮下載的檔案:
$ cd /oracle/soft/oracle10g
$ unzip p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip
修改静默安装的参数文件
$ cd /oracle/soft/Disk1/response
$ cp patchset.rsp patchset_softonly.rsp
$ vi patchset_softonly.rsp
$ sdiff -s patchset_softonly.rsp patchset.rsp
UNIX_GROUP_NAME="oinstall" | UNIX_GROUP_NAME=<Value Unspecified>
FROM_LOCATION="/oracle/soft/oracle10g/Disk1/stage/products.xm | FROM_LOCATION=<Value Required>
ORACLE_HOME="/oracle/app/product/10.2.0" | ORACLE_HOME=<Value Required>
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDbHome1" | ORACLE_HOME_NAME=<Value Required>
$ chmod 700 patchset_softonly.rsp
通过response文件运行OUI
/oracle/soft/oracle10g/Disk1/response/patchset_softonly.rsp 必须是绝对路径，含文件名；
安装命令之后必須加上两个参数(MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=pyzs@oracle.com DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true)
-noconfig 表示不运行配置助手只装软件
-force 表示強制安裝？
$ cd /oracle/soft/oracle10g/Disk1/
$ ./runInstaller -silent -noconfig -responseFile /oracle/soft/oracle10g/Disk1/response/patchset_softonly.rsp MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=pyzs@oracle.com DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true -ignoreSysPrereqs -force
結果如下：
Setup successful
End of install phases.(Thursday, January 15, 2015 1:29:34 PM CST)
Starting to execute configuration assistants
The following configuration assistants have not been run. This can happen for following reasons - either root.sh is to be run before config or Oracle Universal Installer was invoked with the -noConfig option.
--------------------------------------
The "/oracle/app/product/10.2.0/cfgtoollogs/configToolFailedCommands" script contains all commands that failed, were skipped or were cancelled. This file may be used to run these configuration assistants outside of OUI. Note that you may have to update this script with passwords (if any) before executing the same.
The "/oracle/app/product/10.2.0/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands" script contains all commands to be executed by the configuration assistants. This file may be used to run the configuration assistants outside of OUI. Note that you may have to update this script with passwords (if any) before executing the same.
--------------------------------------
WARNING:A new inventory has been created in this session. However, it has not yet been registered as the central inventory of this system.
To register the new inventory please run the script '/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' with root privileges.
If you do not register the inventory, you may not be able to update or patch the products you installed.
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root script to run
/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/oracle/app/product/10.2.0/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
The installation of Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Patch Set 4 was successful.
Please check '/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-01-15_01-25-37PM.log' for more details.
$ su - root
# sh /oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
# sh /oracle/app/product/10.2.0/root.sh
Running Oracle 10g root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /oracle/app/product/10.2.0
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
===================================================================================================================
建立 orcl資料庫
===============
配置response文件
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u1
# su - oracle
$ mkdir -p /u1/database/response
$ mkdir -p /u1/database/oradata
$ cd /u1/database/response
$ scp -rp dba@172.18.60.152:/u1/database/response/*.* .
$ cp dbca.rsp dbca_orcl.rsp
$ vi dbca_orcl.rsp
$ sdiff -s dbca_orcl.rsp dbca.rsp
GDBNAME = "orcl" | GDBNAME = "orcl10g.us.oracle.com"
SID = "orcl" | SID = "orcl10g"
SYSPASSWORD = "rman" | #SYSPASSWORD = "password"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "rman" | #SYSTEMPASSWORD = "password"
EMCONFIGURATION = "LOCAL" | #EMCONFIGURATION = "NONE"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "rman" | #SYSMANPASSWORD = "password"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "rman" | #DBSNMPPASSWORD = "password"
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" | #CHARACTERSET = "US7ASCII"
$ export ORACLE_SID=rman
$ export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8"
通过response文件运行DBCA
$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -cloneTemplate -datafileDestination /u1/database/oradata -responseFile /u1/database/response/dbca_orcl.rsp
说明：如果未设置 -datafileDestination 参数，则数据文件默认存放到$ORACLE_BASE/oradata下，如果连ORACLE_BASE也没设置，则默认存放$ORACLE_HOME/oradata下。
报错：
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /oracle/app/product/10.2.0/lib32/libOsUtils.so: libgcc_s.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决：
# yum install libgcc_s.so.1
报错
UnsatisfiedLinkError exception loading native library: njni10
可能是glibc和glibc-devel包仅安装了64bit版的,而32bit版本没安装,那么需手工安装:
# cd /mnt/Server/Packages
# rpm -Uvh glibc-*.i686.rpm glibc-devel-*.i686.rpm
安装完32bit的glibc和glibc-devel后, 再对Oracle进行relink:
$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink all
重新运行DBCA
$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -cloneTemplate -datafileDestination /u1/database/oradata -responseFile /u1/database/response/dbca_orcl.rsp
Look at the log file "/oracle/app/product/10.2.0/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.
删除数据库
$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB orcl -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword rman
通过response文件运行NetCA
# su - oracle
$ cd /u1/database/response
$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile /u1/database/response/netca.rsp
报错：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /oracle/app/product/10.2.0/jdk/jre/lib/i386/libawt.so: libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决：
# yum install libXp.i686
# yum install libXt.i686
# yum install libXtst.i686
重新运行NetCA
$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile /u1/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /u1/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Listener started at port:1521
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/oracle/app/product/10.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Default local naming configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
連線測試
$ sqlplus system/rman
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
CORE 10.2.0.5.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Produ
修改參數:
$ sqlplus '/as sydba'
SQL> show parameter sga;
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup;
SQL> alter system set sga_max_size=2048m scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database noarchivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> alter system set sga_target=2048M;
SQL> show parameter sga;
SQL> show parameter open_links
SQL> alter system set open_links=200 scope=spfile;
修改/etc/oratab 設定開機自動啟動資料庫.
# vi /etc/oratab
bshis:/oracle/app/product/10.2.0:Y
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
su - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'
su - oracle -c 'dbstart'
卸载oracle
# cd /etc
# rm oratab
# rm oraInst.loc
# cd /usr/local/bin
# rm coraenv
# rm dbhome
# rm oraenv
安装图形化界面
yum groupinstall "X Window System" "GNOME Desktop Environment"
need KDE
yum groupinstall "X Window System" KDE
need XFCE
yum groupinstall "X Window System" XFCE
OS下載地址:
https://www.quist.ch/downloads/search?Downloads%5Bcategory%5D=os&Downloads%5Bversion%5D=&Downloads%5Bplatform%5D=Linux&Downloads%5Barchitecture%5D=x86_64&yt0=
OracleLinux下載地址: https://edelivery.oracle.com/linux
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