Struts1入门实例（简单登录）

Struts1 入门实例（简单登录）

现在开始加入公司的核心项目，但由于项目开发比较早，所以使用的技术不是很新潮，前台用的还是 struts1 。

虽然不是什么新技术，但仍可以从中学到好多东西的。花了一个晚上的时间终于把 struts1 的流程跑通了。

省略了创建过程及加入 jar 包的过程，直接进入正题。

首页要在 web.xml 中添加相应的 struts 配置：

< servlet >
        < servlet-name > action </ servlet-name >
        < servlet-class >
            org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet
        </ servlet-class >
        < init-param >
            < param-name > config </ param-name >
            < param-value > /WEB-INF/struts-config.xml </ param-value >
        </ init-param >
        < init-param >
            < param-name > debug </ param-name >
            < param-value > 2 </ param-value >
        </ init-param >
        < init-param >
            < param-name > detail </ param-name >
            < param-value > 2 </ param-value >
        </ init-param >
        < load-on-startup > 2 </ load-on-startup >
     </ servlet >
    < servlet-mapping >
        < servlet-name > action </ servlet-name >
        < url-pattern > *.do </ url-pattern >
    </ servlet-mapping >

然后在 config 所对应的目录下添加 struts 配置文件 struts-config.xml

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<! DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd" >

< struts-config >

<!-- ActionForm  -->
    < form-beans >
    <!-- name: 名称 type: 类路径 -->
        < form-bean name ="loginForm" type ="com.login.LoginForm">
        </ form-bean >
    </ form-beans >
<!-- 设置全局 URL ，必须写在 Action 前面，这样任何 Action 都可以使用 -->
    < global-forwards >
        < forward name ="result" path ="/result.jsp" />
    </ global-forwards >

<!-- 注册 Action -->
    < action-mappings >
    <!-- name ：名称 type ：类路径 path ：客户端（ JSP ）提交到服务器端时指定的路径（ Form 表单中的 action=”/login.do" -->
        < action path ="/login" type ="com.login.LoginAction"
            name ="loginForm" scope ="request">
            <!-- 局部 URL ，只有这个 action 可以使用 -->
            < forward name ="success" path ="/success.jsp"></ forward >
            < forward name ="error" path ="/error.jsp"></ forward >
        </ action >

 

        <action type="com.shiyou.tiles.test.action.TestAction" scope="request" path="/TestAction" name="loginForm" parameter="cmd">
                  <forward name="sucess" path="/index1.jsp" />
        </action>
    </ action-mappings >


</ struts-config >

注：Action 和Form 的关系是一个Action 只能对应一个Form （通过Action 的name 属性）

而一个Form 可以被多个Action 调用

LoginAction.java

package com.login;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

public class LoginAction extends Action (DispatchAction) {

    @Override
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {
        LoginForm lf = (LoginForm) form;
        String username = lf.getUsername();
        String password = lf.getPassword();
        String errorInfo = "";
        String result = UserManager.getInstance().login(username, password);
        if (result.equals("success")) {
            request.setAttribute("username", username);
            return mapping.findForward("success");
        } else if (result.equals("username")) {
            errorInfo = " 密码错误 ";
        } else {
            errorInfo = " 用户名错误 ";
        }
        request.setAttribute("errorInfo", errorInfo);
        return mapping.findForward("error");
    }

 

public ActionForward testStrutsAction(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
         TestForm tf = (TestForm) form;
         String username = tf.getUsername();
         System.out.println("username====" + username);
         
         
        return mapping.findForward("sucess");
    }

}

LoginForm.java

package com.login;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionErrors;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

public class LoginForm extends ActionForm {

    private String username;
    private String password;

    public void reset(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) {
        System.out.println("--------reset()-------------");
        super .reset(mapping, request);
    }

    public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping,
            HttpServletRequest request) {
        System.out.println("--------validate()-------------");
        return super .validate(mapping, request);
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this .username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this .password = password;
    }

}

对我个人来说最重要的是前台jsp 页面没有掌握，经常在页面上花费很多时间

在编写JSP 页面时要用struts 标签，而我经常会忘记

引入jsp 标签

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html " prefix="html " %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean " prefix="bean " %>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java " import ="java.util.* " pageEncoding="UTF-8 "%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html " prefix="html " %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean " prefix="bean " %>

 

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN ">

<html>

    <head>

            <title> 首页</title>

    </head>

 

    <body>

             <form action="TestAction.do?cmd=testStrutsAction" method="post">
         <div id="conent">
              <div id="loginArea">
                   <span>user login</span>
                   <table>
                       <tr>
                           <td>userName:</td>
                           <td><input type="text" name="username" id="username" value=""/></td>
                       </tr>
                       <tr>
                           <td>password:</td>
                           <td><input type="password" name="username" id="username" value=""/></td>
                       </tr>
                       <tr>
                           <td colspan=2><input type="submit" value="submit"/></td>
                       </tr>
                   </table>
              </div>
          </div>
     </form>

    </body>

</html>

 

展示结果（将 Action 的返回值展示到 JSP 页面上）

<%@ page language="java " import ="java.util.* " pageEncoding="UTF-8 "%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html " prefix="html "%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean " prefix="bean "%>

 

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN ">

<html>

    <head>

            <title>Error</title>

    </head>

    <body>

            <bean:write name ="errorInfo " scope="request " />

    </body>

</html>