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2.JDBC学习(MySQL)

    博客分类:
  • JDBC
 
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1 JdbcUtils类:配置数据库的相关信息。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;


public final class JdbcUtils {
	private static String url = "jdbc:mysql://10.105.43.220:3306/jdbc";
	private static String user = "sa";
	private static String password = "123456";

	private JdbcUtils() {
	}

	static {
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
		}
	}

	public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
		return DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
	}

	public static void free(ResultSet rs, Statement st, Connection conn) {
		try {
			if (rs != null)
				rs.close();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				if (st != null)
					st.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} finally {
				if (conn != null)
					try {
						conn.close();
					} catch (SQLException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
			}
		}
	}
}

2 JdbcUtilsSing类:该类是JdbcUtils类的单例实现形式,与JdbcUtils类互斥使用。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;


public final class JdbcUtilsSing {
	private static String url = "jdbc:mysql://10.105.43.220:3306/jdbc";
	private static String user = "sa";
	private static String password = "123456";

	// private static JdbcUtilsSing instance = new JdbcUtilsSing();
	private static JdbcUtilsSing instance = null;

	private JdbcUtilsSing() {
	}

	public static JdbcUtilsSing getInstance() {
		if (instance == null) {
			synchronized (JdbcUtilsSing.class) {
				if (instance == null) {
					instance = new JdbcUtilsSing();
				}
			}
		}
		return instance;
	}

	static {
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
		}
	}

	public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
		return DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
	}

	public void free(ResultSet rs, Statement st, Connection conn) {
		try {
			if (rs != null)
				rs.close();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				if (st != null)
					st.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} finally {
				if (conn != null)
					try {
						conn.close();
					} catch (SQLException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
			}
		}
	}
}

3 Base类:使用封装类的一个例子。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;


public class Base {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		template(); 
	}

	/**
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	static void template() throws Exception {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();

			// 4.执行语句
			rs = st.executeQuery("select * from user");

			// 5.处理结果
			while (rs.next()) {
				// 参数中的1,2,3,4是指sql中的列索引
				System.out.println(rs.getObject(1) + "\t" + rs.getObject(2)
						+ "\t" + rs.getObject(3) + "\t" + rs.getObject(4));
			}
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}

	}
}


4 CRUB类:使用封装类完成最简单的增删查改工作。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class CRUD {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
		// create();
		read();
		//update();
		//delete();
	}

	static void delete() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();

			String sql = "delete from user where id>4";

			// 4.执行语句
			int i = st.executeUpdate(sql);

			System.out.println("i=" + i);
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}

	static void update() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();

			String sql = "update user set money=money+10 ";

			// 4.执行语句
			int i = st.executeUpdate(sql);

			System.out.println("i=" + i);
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}

	static void create() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();

			String sql = "insert into user(name,birthday, money) values ('name1', '1987-01-01', 400) ";

			// 4.执行语句
			int i = st.executeUpdate(sql);

			System.out.println("i=" + i);
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}

	static void read() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();

			// 4.执行语句
			rs = st.executeQuery("select id, name, money, birthday  from user");

			// 5.处理结果
			while (rs.next()) {
				System.out.println(rs.getObject("id") + "\t"
						+ rs.getObject("name") + "\t"
						+ rs.getObject("birthday") + "\t"
						+ rs.getObject("money"));
			}
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}

}


5 SQLInject:使用PreparedStatement代替Statement进行操作。
注:尽量使用PreparedStatement,因为速度比较快;当有字符串类型时建议使用PreparedStatement。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class SQLInject {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
		read("name1");
	}

	static void read(String name) throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();

			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			String sql = "select id, name, money, birthday  from user where name=?";
			ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			ps.setString(1, name);
			// 4.执行语句
			rs = ps.executeQuery();

			// 5.处理结果
			while (rs.next()) {
				System.out.println(rs.getInt("id") + "\t"
						+ rs.getString("name") + "\t" + rs.getDate("birthday")
						+ "\t" + rs.getFloat("money"));
			}

		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, ps, conn);
		}
	}

}


5 DateTest类:处理数据库中时间这种方式。
  由于在Java中java.until中有Data类、java.sql中也有Date这个类,我们在程序中只需要和java.util进行打交道,因此优先使用java.util中的Date类,java.sql中的Date类是java.util中的Date类的子类,只在和数据库进行交互时才使用,必要时进行转换即可。java.util中的Date类是完整的时间(包括时分秒),而java.sql中的Date类则知道日期就结束了。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Date;

public class DateTest {
	
	static void create(String name, Date birthday, float money)
			throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			String sql = "insert into user(name,birthday, money) values (?, ?, ?) ";
			ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			ps.setString(1, name);
			ps.setDate(2, new java.sql.Date(birthday.getTime()));
			ps.setFloat(3, money);

			// 4.执行语句
			int i = ps.executeUpdate();

			System.out.println("i=" + i);
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, ps, conn);
		}
	}
}


6 ClobTest类:访问大段文本数据实例。
在实例中有两种方式对大段文本数据进行存取,建议使用String类型,因为更易于理解。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.sql.Clob;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class ClobTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, IOException {
		//create();
		read();
	}

	static void read() throws SQLException, IOException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();

			// 4.执行语句
			rs = st.executeQuery("select bigtext  from clobtest");

			// 5.处理结果
			while (rs.next()) {
				//Clob clob = rs.getClob(1);
				//Reader reader = clob.getCharacterStream();
				// reader = rs.getCharacterStream(1);
				String s = rs.getString(1);

				File file = new File("JdbUtils_bak.java");
				Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
				//char[] buff = new char[1024];
				//for (int i = 0; (i = reader.read(buff)) > 0;) {
				//	writer.write(buff, 0, i);
				//}
				writer.write(s);
				writer.close();
				//reader.close();
			}
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}

	static void create() throws SQLException, IOException {
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			String sql = "insert into clobtest(bigtext) values (?) ";
			ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			File file = new File("src/cn/itcast/jdbc/JdbcUtils.java");
			//Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
			
			//ps.setCharacterStream(1, reader, (int) file.length());
			
			// 读取一行
            String line = null;
            StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer();
                 
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
            {
                strBuffer.append(line);
                strBuffer.append("\n");
            } 
			 ps.setString(1, strBuffer.toString());//一定要注意:可以使用String类型处理MySQL数据库中的text类型,不比和上面这么麻烦。
			// 4.执行语句
			int i = ps.executeUpdate();

			reader.close();

			System.out.println("i=" + i);
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, ps, conn);
		}
	}

}



6 BlobTest类:访问二进制类型的数据。
注意:二进制类型的数据包括图片等,而采用这种方式的时候就不可以使用字符进行处理了,当长度不够时采用更大类型的二进制类型。
package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class BlobTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, IOException {
		//create();
		read();
	}

	static void read() throws SQLException, IOException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			st = conn.createStatement();

			// 4.执行语句
			rs = st.executeQuery("select bigbit from blobtest");

			// 5.处理结果
			while (rs.next()) {
				// Blob blob = rs.getBlob(1);
				// InputStream in = blob.getBinaryStream();
				InputStream in = rs.getBinaryStream("bigbit");

				File file = new File("Desert_bak.jpg");
				OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(
						new FileOutputStream(file));
				byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
				for (int i = 0; (i = in.read(buff)) > 0;) {
					out.write(buff, 0, i);
				}
				out.close();
				in.close();
			}
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}

	static void create() throws SQLException, IOException {
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			// 2.建立连接
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			// conn = JdbcUtilsSing.getInstance().getConnection();
			// 3.创建语句
			String sql = "insert into blobtest(bigbit) values (?) ";
			ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			File file = new File("Desert.jpg");
			InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));

			ps.setBinaryStream(1, in, (int) file.length());
			// 4.执行语句
			int i = ps.executeUpdate();

			in.close();

			System.out.println("i=" + i);
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, ps, conn);
		}
	}
}
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