Quartz之QuartzInitializerServlet

问题:我想在应用程序启动之后去执行任务怎么办呢! 
Quartz:使用QuartzInitializerServlet可满足需要 
参考资料 
1 Quartz调度框架应用总结 
http://java.chinaitlab.com/advance/752064_3.html 
2 Integrating quartz in a web application 
http://www.oreillynet.com/cs/user/view/cs_msg/52725 
3 基于Quartz的开源项目 
myschedule 
4 Adding multiple jobs via the quartz_jobs.xml skips jobs 
http://jira.opensymphony.com/browse/QRTZNET-250 
5 Quartz with Apache ServiceMix 
http://forums.terracotta.org/forums/posts/list/5427.page 
6 Web应用中使用Quartz进行任务调度 
http://www.hujun.me/post?id=12001 
7 Quartz的XML定义说明:New in Quartz.Net 2.0–New Job File Format 
http://jvilalta.blogspot.com/2011/03/new-in-quartznet-20new-job-file-format.html 
来自于Quartz的文档说明: 
A Servlet that can be used to initialize Quartz, if configured as a load-on-startup servlet in a web application.Using this start-up servlet may be preferred to using the QuartzInitializerListener in some situations - namely when you want to initialize more than one scheduler in the same application.You'll want to add something like this to your WEB-INF/web.xml file: 

<servlet>
         <servlet-name>
             QuartzInitializer
         </servlet-name>
         <display-name>
             Quartz Initializer Servlet
         </display-name>
         <servlet-class>
             org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerServlet
         </servlet-class>
         <load-on-startup>
             1
         </load-on-startup>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>config-file</param-name>
             <param-value>/some/path/my_quartz.properties</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>shutdown-on-unload</param-name>
             <param-value>true</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>wait-on-shutdown</param-name>
             <param-value>true</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>start-scheduler-on-load</param-name>
             <param-value>true</param-value>
         </init-param>
     </servlet>

相应参数说明: 

The init parameter 'config-file' can be used to specify the path (and filename) of your Quartz properties file. If you leave out this parameter, the default ("quartz.properties") will be used. 
The init parameter 'shutdown-on-unload' can be used to specify whether you want scheduler.shutdown() called when the servlet is unloaded (usually when the application server is being shutdown). Possible values are "true" or "false". The default is "true". 
The init parameter 'wait-on-shutdown' has effect when 'shutdown-on-unload' is specified "true", and indicates whether you want scheduler.shutdown(true) called when the listener is unloaded (usually when the application server is being shutdown). Passing "true" to the shutdown() call causes the scheduler to wait for existing jobs to complete. Possible values are "true" or "false". The default is "false". 

The init parameter 'start-scheduler-on-load' can be used to specify whether you want the scheduler.start() method called when the servlet is first loaded. If set to false, your application will need to call the start() method before the scheduler begins to run and process jobs. Possible values are "true" or "false". The default is "true", which means the scheduler is started. 
A StdSchedulerFactory instance is stored into the ServletContext. You can gain access to the factory from a ServletContext instance like this: 
     StdSchedulerFactory factory = (StdSchedulerFactory) ctx 
                .getAttribute(QuartzFactoryServlet.QUARTZ_FACTORY_KEY); 
The init parameter 'servlet-context-factory-key' can be used to override the name under which the StdSchedulerFactory is stored into the ServletContext, in which case you will want to use this name rather than QuartzFactoryServlet.QUARTZ_FACTORY_KEY in the above example. 
The init parameter 'scheduler-context-servlet-context-key' if set, the ServletContext will be stored in the SchedulerContext under the given key name (and will therefore be available to jobs during execution). 
The init parameter 'start-delay-seconds' can be used to specify the amount of time to wait after initializing the scheduler before scheduler.start() is called. 
Once you have the factory instance, you can retrieve the Scheduler instance by calling getScheduler() on the factory. 

所要的jar文件包含： 
quartz-all-2.0.1.jar, jta-1.1.jar,log4j-1.2.14.jar,slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar,slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar 
具体代码如下: 
web.xml 

<servlet>
        <servlet-name>QuartzInitializer</servlet-name>
        <display-name>Quartz Initializer Servlet</display-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

        <init-param>
            <param-name>config-file</param-name>
            <param-value>/quartz.properties</param-value>
        </init-param>

        <init-param>
            <param-name>shutdown-on-unload</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--
        <init-param>
            <param-name>start-scheduler-on-load</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>wait-on-shutdown</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
         -->
    </servlet>

位于src下:quartz.properties 

org.quartz.scheduler.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializer=true
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread=true
# Configure Main Scheduler Properties
 org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName=QuartzScheduler
 org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId=AUTO
 org.quartz.scheduler.skipUpdateCheck=true
 org.quartz.scheduler.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializer=true
 # Configure ThreadPool
 org.quartz.threadPool.class=org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
 org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount=3
 org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority=5
 org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread=true
 # Configure JobStore
 org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold=60000
 org.quartz.jobStore.class=org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore
 #org.quartz.jobStore.class=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
 #org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.PostgreSQLDelegate
 #org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties=false
 #org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource=myDS
 #org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix=QRTZ_
 #org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered=false
 # Configure Datasources
 #org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver=org.postgresql.Driver
 #org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL=jdbc:postgresql://localhost/dev
 #org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user=jhouse
 #org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password=
 #org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections=5
 # Configure Plugins
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.class=org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin  org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.class=org.quartz.plugins.xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin
 org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileNames=quartz_job.xml
 org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.failOnFileNotFound=true
 org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.scanInterval=120
 org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.wrapInUserTransaction=false

有些时候其实可按需配置,如下： 

org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName= MyQuartzScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export= false
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy= false
org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction= false
org.quartz.threadPool.class= org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount= 10
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority= 5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread= true
org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold= 60000
org.quartz.jobStore.class= org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.class = org.quartz.plugins.xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin
#job and trigger configuration file
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileNames =quartz_job.xml

位于src下的:quartz_job.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<job-scheduling-data
        xmlns="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData
                            http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/job_scheduling_data_2_0.xsd"
        version="2.0">

        <pre-processing-commands>
                <delete-jobs-in-group>*</delete-jobs-in-group>  <!-- clear all jobs in scheduler -->
                <delete-triggers-in-group>*</delete-triggers-in-group> <!-- clear all triggers in scheduler -->
        </pre-processing-commands>

        <processing-directives>
                <!-- if there are any jobs/trigger in scheduler of same name (as in this file), overwrite them -->
                <overwrite-existing-data>true</overwrite-existing-data>
                <!-- if there are any jobs/trigger in scheduler of same name (as in this file), and over-write is false, ignore them rather then generating an error -->
                <ignore-duplicates>false</ignore-duplicates>
        </processing-directives>

        <schedule>
                <job>
                        <name>job1</name>
                        <job-class>net.liuzd.tools.quartz.servlet.Job1</job-class>
                </job>
                <trigger>
                        <cron>
                                <name>t1</name>
                                <job-name>job1</job-name>
                                <cron-expression>0/10 * * * * ?</cron-expression>
                        </cron>
                </trigger>

                 <job>
                        <name>job2</name>
                        <job-class>net.liuzd.tools.quartz.servlet.Job2</job-class>
                </job>

                <trigger>
                        <cron>
                                <name>t2</name>
                                <job-name>job2</job-name>
                                <cron-expression>0/20 * * * * ?</cron-expression>
                        </cron>
                </trigger>

        </schedule>
</job-scheduling-data>

src下的log4j.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">
  <appender name="default" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
    <param name="target" value="System.out"/>
    <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
      <param name="ConversionPattern" value="[%p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss.SSS aa} %t [%c]%n%m%n%n"/>
    </layout>
  </appender>
 <logger name="org.quartz">
   <level value="info" />
 </logger>
  <root>
    <level value="info" />
    <appender-ref ref="default" />
  </root>
</log4j:configuration>

二个任务类： 

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Job1 implements Job {

    private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Job1.class);

    public Job1() {

    }

    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
            throws JobExecutionException {
        _log.info("执行天涯的第一个任务: " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
    }
}

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Job2 implements Job {

    private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Job2.class);

    public Job2() {
    }


    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
            throws JobExecutionException {
        _log.info("执行天涯的第二个任务: " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
    }
}

在WEB应用启动时控制台输出结果如下： 

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:18:50.015 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-2 [org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin]
Job DEFAULT.job1 fired (by trigger DEFAULT.t1) at:  14:18:50 08/15/2011

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:18:50.015 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-2 [net.liuzd.tools.quartz.servlet.Job1]
执行天涯的第一个任务: 2011-08-15 02:18:50

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:18:50.015 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-2 [org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin]
Job DEFAULT.job1 execution complete at  14:18:50 08/15/2011 and reports: null

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:19:00.000 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-3 [org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin]
Job DEFAULT.job1 fired (by trigger DEFAULT.t1) at:  14:19:00 08/15/2011

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:19:00.000 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-3 [net.liuzd.tools.quartz.servlet.Job1]
执行天涯的第一个任务: 2011-08-15 02:19:00

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:19:00.000 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-3 [org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin]
Job DEFAULT.job1 execution complete at  14:19:00 08/15/2011 and reports: null

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:19:00.000 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-1 [org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin]
Job DEFAULT.job2 fired (by trigger DEFAULT.t2) at:  14:19:00 08/15/2011

[INFO] 2011-08-15 02:19:00.000 下午 QuartzScheduler_Worker-1 [net.liuzd.tools.quartz.servlet.Job2]
执行天涯的第二个任务: 2011-08-15 02:19:00