Struts2结合Velocity开发(Layout布局方式)
1.重写Struts2中的VelocityResult，使其带有Layout功能
（原因：struts2默认只有不带布局功能的velocity模板类VelocityResult，所以需要重写）
package com.tairan.taihang.struts.velocity;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory;
import javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.VelocityResult;
import org.apache.struts2.views.JspSupportServlet;
import org.apache.struts2.views.velocity.VelocityManager;
import org.apache.velocity.Template;
import org.apache.velocity.context.Context;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.Logger;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.LoggerFactory;
public class VelocityLayoutResult extends VelocityResult {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6020934292083047099L;
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(VelocityLayoutResult.class);
public static String KEY_SCREEN_CONTENT = "screen_content";
public static String KEY_LAYOUT = "layout";
public static final String PROPERTY_DEFAULT_LAYOUT = "tools.view.servlet.layout.default.template";
public static final String PROPERTY_LAYOUT_DIR = "tools.view.servlet.layout.directory";
public static final String PROPERTY_INPUT_ENCODING = "input.encoding";
public static final String PROPERTY_OUTPUT_ENCODING = "output.encoding";
public static final String PROPERTY_CONTENT_TYPE = "default.contentType";
protected VelocityManager velocityManager;
protected String defaultLayout;
protected String layoutDir;
protected String inputEncoding;
protected String outputEncoding;
protected String contentType;
@Override
public void setVelocityManager(VelocityManager mgr) {
this.velocityManager = mgr;
super.setVelocityManager(mgr);
}
@Override
public void doExecute(String finalLocation, ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
ValueStack stack = ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack();
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
JspFactory jspFactory = null;
ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
Servlet servlet = JspSupportServlet.jspSupportServlet;
velocityManager.init(servletContext);
boolean usedJspFactory = false;
PageContext pageContext = (PageContext) ActionContext.getContext().get(ServletActionContext.PAGE_CONTEXT);
if (pageContext == null && servlet != null) {
jspFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
pageContext = jspFactory.getPageContext(servlet, request, response, null, true, 8192, true);
ActionContext.getContext().put(ServletActionContext.PAGE_CONTEXT, pageContext);
usedJspFactory = true;
}
try {
String encoding = getEncoding(finalLocation);
String contentType = getContentType(finalLocation);
if (encoding != null) {
contentType = contentType + ";charset=" + encoding;
}
Template t = getTemplate(stack, velocityManager.getVelocityEngine(), invocation, finalLocation, encoding);
Context context = createContext(velocityManager, stack, request, response, finalLocation);
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
t.merge(context, stringWriter);
context.put(KEY_SCREEN_CONTENT, stringWriter.toString());
Object obj = context.get(KEY_LAYOUT);
String layout = (obj == null) ? null : obj.toString();
defaultLayout = (String) velocityManager.getVelocityEngine().getProperty(PROPERTY_DEFAULT_LAYOUT);
layoutDir = (String) velocityManager.getVelocityEngine().getProperty(PROPERTY_LAYOUT_DIR);
if (!layoutDir.endsWith("/")) {
layoutDir += '/';
}
if (!layoutDir.startsWith("/")) {
layoutDir = "/" + layoutDir;
}
defaultLayout = layoutDir + defaultLayout;
if (layout == null) {
layout = defaultLayout;
} else {
layout = layoutDir + layout;
}
Template layoutVm = null;
try {
inputEncoding = (String) velocityManager.getVelocityEngine().getProperty(PROPERTY_INPUT_ENCODING);
layoutVm = getTemplate(stack, velocityManager.getVelocityEngine(), invocation, layout, inputEncoding);
} catch (Exception e) {
LOG.error("VelocityLayoutResult: Can't load layout \"" + layout + "\": " + e);
if (!layout.equals(defaultLayout)) {
layoutVm = getTemplate(stack, velocityManager.getVelocityEngine(), invocation, defaultLayout,
inputEncoding);
}
}
outputEncoding = (String) velocityManager.getVelocityEngine().getProperty(PROPERTY_OUTPUT_ENCODING);
Writer writer = new OutputStreamWriter(response.getOutputStream(), outputEncoding);
response.setContentType(contentType);
layoutVm.merge(context, writer);
writer.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
LOG.error("Unable to render Velocity Template, '" + finalLocation + "'", e);
throw e;
} finally {
if (usedJspFactory) {
jspFactory.releasePageContext(pageContext);
}
}
return;
}
}
2.在struts.xml中增加velocity相关配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- struts.objectFactory这个属性用于说明Struts2的 对象池创建工厂当想要得到Spring中的对象池时， -->
<!-- 申明struts.objectFactory为Spring的对象池构建工厂 -->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
<!-- 该属性设置Struts 2是否支持动态方法调用，该属性的默认值是true。如果需要关闭动态方法调用，则可设置该属性为false -->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
<!-- 该属性设置Struts 2应用是否使用开发模式。如果设置该属性为true，则可以在应用出错时显示更多、更友好的出错提示。 -->
<!-- 通常，应用在开发阶段，将该属性设置为true，当进入产品发布阶段后，则该属性设置为false -->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />
<!-- 该属性设置是否每次HTTP请求到达时，系统都重新加载资源文件 , -->
<!-- 该属性默认值是false。在开发阶段将该属性设置为true会更有利于开发，但在产品发布阶段应将该属性设置为false。 -->
<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="false" />
<!-- 该属性设置当struts.xml文件改变后，系统是否自动重新加载该文件。该属性的默认值是false -->
<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="false" />
<!-- 该属性指定Struts 2应用所需要的国际化资源文件，如果有多份国际化资源文件，则多个资源文件的文件名以英文逗号（,）隔开 -->
<constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="globalMessages,filePath" />
<!-- 该属性指定Struts 2生成URL时是否包含请求参数。 -->
<!-- 该属性接受none、get和all三个属性值，分别对应于不包含、仅包含GET类型请求参数和包含全部请求参数。 -->
<!-- <constant name="struts.url.includeParams" value="none" /> -->
<!-- 该属性指定视图标签默认的视图主题，该属性的默认值是xhtml -->
<constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple" />
<!-- 设置velocity配置文件 -->
<constant name="struts.velocity.configfile" value="velocity.properties"/>
<!-- 该属性设置文件上传的大小，现设置为10MB. -->
<constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="10485760" />
<package name="user" extends="struts-default">
<result-types>
<result-type name="velocity" class="com.tairan.taihang.struts.velocity.VelocityLayoutResult"/>
</result-types>
<interceptors>
<!-- 自定义登录拦截器 -->
<interceptor name="loginInterceptor" class="loginInterceptor"/>
<!-- 异常拦截器 -->
<!-- <interceptor name="exception" class="com.opensymphony.xwork.interceptor.ExceptionmappingInterceptor" /> -->
<!-- 拦截器栈 -->
<interceptor-stack name="myDefault">
<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />
<interceptor-ref name="loginInterceptor" />
<!-- <interceptor-ref name="exception"></interceptor-ref> -->
</interceptor-stack>
</interceptors>
<global-results>
<!-- 拦截器跳转到登录页面 -->
<result name="toLogin" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/login.vm</result>
<!-- 统一的错误页面 -->
<result name="error" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/error.vm</result>
<!-- 异常页面 -->
<result name="root" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/error.vm</result>
<result name="sql" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/error.vm</result>
</global-results>
<!-- 全局异常处理 -->
<global-exception-mappings>
<!-- Action抛出Exception时，转入名为root的结果 -->
<exception-mapping result="root" exception="java.lang.Exception" />
<!-- Action抛出SqlException时，转入名为sql的结果 -->
<exception-mapping result="sql" exception="java.sql.Exception" />
</global-exception-mappings>
<action name="index" class="userAction" method="index">
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/index.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="toLogin" class="userAction" method="toLogin">
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/login.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="login" class="userAction" method="login">
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">userInfo</result>
<result name="input" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/login.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="toRegister" class="userAction" method="toRegister">
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/register.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="register" class="userAction" method="register">
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/registerSuccess.vm</result>
<result name="input" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/register.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="json" class="userAction" method="toJson">
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/jsonTest.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="exit" class="userAction" method="exit">
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/login.vm</result>
</action>
</package>
<package name="userInfo" extends="user">
<action name="userInfo" class="userInfoAction" method="userInfo">
<interceptor-ref name="myDefault" />
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/userInfo/userInfo.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="toAddUserInfo" class="userInfoAction" method="toAddUserInfo">
<interceptor-ref name="myDefault" />
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/userInfo/addUserInfo.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="addUserInfo" class="userInfoAction" method="addUserInfo">
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">userInfo</result>
</action>
<action name="toModifyUserInfo" class="userInfoAction" method="toModifyUserInfo">
<interceptor-ref name="myDefault" />
<result name="success" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/userInfo/modifyUserInfo.vm</result>
</action>
<action name="modifyUserInfo" class="userInfoAction" method="modifyUserInfo">
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">userInfo</result>
</action>
<action name="toDeleteUserInfo" class="userInfoAction" method="deleteUserInfo">
<interceptor-ref name="myDefault" />
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">userInfo</result>
</action>
</package>
<!-- JSON -->
<package name="jsonTest" extends="json-default">
<action name="testList" class="jsonAction" method="getList">
<result type="json">
<param name="root">responseJsonList</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="testMap" class="jsonAction" method="getMap">
<result type="json">
<param name="root">responseJsonMap</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="testObject" class="jsonAction" method="getObject">
<result type="json">
<param name="root">responseJsonObject</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="checkName" class="userAction" method="checkName">
<result type="json">
<param name="root">errorMsg</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="checkRegisterName" class="userAction" method="checkRegisterName">
<result type="json">
<param name="root">errorMsg</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
需要注意的地方有3点：
(1).设置velocity配置文件
<constant name="struts.velocity.configfile" value="velocity.properties"/>
(2).修改struts2引用的VelocityResult类为我们重写后的类
<result-types> result-type name="velocity" class="com.tairan.taihang.struts.velocity.VelocityLayoutResult"/> </result-types>
(3).type不再是默认的dispatcher,修改为velocity
<result name="toLogin" type="velocity">WEB-INF/vm/screen/storage/user/login.vm</result>
3.增加velocity相关配置文件：velocity.properties
tools.view.servlet.layout.directory =/WEB-INF/vm/layout/ tools.view.servlet.layout.default.template=default.vm input.encoding=UTF-8 output.encoding=UTF-8
4.增加默认布局文件：default.vm
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="IE=edge;text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link href="htdocs/sc/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="htdocs/sc/css/bootstrap-progress.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="htdocs/sc/css/grumble.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="htdocs/sc/css/bootstrap-modal.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="htdocs/sc/css/bootstrap-switch.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="htdocs/css/taihang.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<!--validform -->
<link href="htdocs/sc/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<!--jquery datepicker -->
<link href="htdocs/sc/css/jquery-ui.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<script src="htdocs/sc/js/jquery-1.8.3.js"></script>
<script src="htdocs/sc/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script src="htdocs/sc/js/bootstrap-switch.js"></script>
<script src="htdocs/sc/js/grumble.min.js"></script>
<script src="htdocs/sc/js/thtools.js"></script>
<script src="htdocs/sc/js/Chart.js"></script>
<!--validform -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="htdocs/sc/js/Validform_v5.3.2.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="htdocs/sc/js/Validform_Datatype.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="htdocs/sc/js/sc_Datatype.js" ></script>
<!--jquery datepicker -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="htdocs/sc/js/jquery-ui-datepicker.js" ></script>
</head>
<body>
#if($pageIndex=='customersSub')
$screen_content
#elseif($pageIndex=='customersCenter')
#parse('/WEB-INF/vm/control/head.vm')
#parse('/WEB-INF/vm/control/centerTop.vm')
<div class="div980 adjust pt10">
#parse('/WEB-INF/vm/control/centerLeft.vm')
$screen_content
</div>
#parse('/WEB-INF/vm/control/bottom.vm')
#end
</body>
</html>
5.在vm页面代码中设置布局：
#set($pageIndex="customersCenter") <div> <h1>欢迎光临!</h1> </div>
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